毛泽东国家软实力的实践与启示研究

发布时间：2018-04-04 03:19

本文选题：毛泽东　切入点：国家软实力　出处：《河北师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：面临着全球化时代这个强劲的势头，冲突仍然在发生，其性质却发生了变化，国家综合实力的构成也同样发生着变化。除了硬实力的作用之外，软实力的作用日渐加强。军事安全已经不是安全的主要问题，国家安全所关注的目标、手段等方面也在逐渐的发生着变化。新中国成立初期，硬实力相对薄弱，面临着国内和国际上的双重压力，如何建设一个新中国，并且使这个国家能在世界范围内得到广泛的认同和承认，是一个迫在眉睫的问题，毛泽东在探索建设新中国的道路上，他虽然没有针对软实力提出自己的思想和主张，而是在国家建设和对外交往的过程中，在国家软实力的原理领域提出了许多有价值的理论，遵循了软实力理论的一些规律，并在实践上进行了探索，取得了国家软实力的明显效果，体现了对国家软实力理论科学的掌握和自觉的实践。本文的写作目的就是找出毛泽东国家建设理论中与中国软实力建设中的契合点，分析和研究毛泽东在当时的国内外环境中对国家软实力建设的相关观点和举措，分析毛泽东国家软实力的内在构成以及文化底蕴，为我国当今的社会主义建设以及经济全球化背景下软实力建设提供相关的理论指导和借鉴，对于中国在国际关系中的地位提升提供一个参考维度，从历史的进程中寻找事务发展的逻辑，总结经验及获得启示。本文分为以下四个部分：第一部分：分析国家软实力相关概念及构成要素，主要包括国家软实力的概念，阐述国家软实力和国家硬实力之间的关系，国家软实力用以其对内和对外职能的标准划分为文化、政治价值观、政治文化、外交政策和国际形象五个要素。约瑟夫奈的软实力概念在中国的发展，对于文化软实力的界定，选取了适合中国实际国情的视角进行了解读。软实力概念传入中国之后，在跨学科多领域中得到了运用，加快了软实力思想的中国化进程。第二部分：分析毛泽东国家软实力思想产生的背景，主要分为建国初期的国际国内相关背景，，建国以后中国国际地位亟待提升、急需合作伙伴的历史形势，中国传统文化为软实力的发挥和运用提供了丰富的思想营养，国际上美苏争霸的局面给新中国建设所带来的负面影响等四个方面。第三部分：阐述了毛泽东国家软实力思想的具体实践，毛泽东在国家建设方面的软实力运用主要体现在对外文化交流方面，其中主要阐述了毛泽东的文化安全观；外交上实行独立自主的外交政策；提出了和平共处五项原则并将其在处理国际关系问题上积极运用，从而取得了良好的国际影响；毛泽东发扬国际主义精神，对发展中国家的援助行为等四个方面，毛泽东的具体思想及举措在软实力领域已非常丰富，梳理毛泽东关于国家软实力思想的相关实践和举措，用历史的角度审视当时中国软实力建设的得与失具有重要作用。第四部分：毛泽东国家软实力思想和实践对当代的意义与启示。通过对毛泽东国家软实力实践及理论进行梳理总结，得出毛泽东国家软实力思想为毛泽东时期的中国提供了正确的理论指导，他的国际行为和国际责任也为中国赢得了良好的国际声誉；毛泽东的国家安全思想为维护本国和世界的和平与发展也起到了重要作用。毛泽东的软实力思想对于当代的启示有以下几点：重视软实力的建设，适应国际竞争的时代需求；继续推行毛泽东的反对霸权主义、独立自主、和平共处等外交理念，捍卫世界的和平与发展；要注重社会主义核心价值观建设，弘扬民族精神，保障文化安全；在处理国际关系和制定对外政策时依据的是国家利益而不是意识形态；继续发扬国际主义精神，发展对外援助，但在对外援助的同时也要坚持实事求是、量力而行的方针。总结经验、吸取教训，使毛泽东国家软实力思想发挥其内在的历史和现实意义。结论：毛泽东国家软实力思想和实践在软实力研究领域刚刚起步，通过对毛泽东国家软实力思想的分析和研究，对于当今国内建设和国际交往中积极运用毛泽东思想在软实力领域的理论和举措，吸取适应时代变化发展的经验，总结教训，为当今时代处理国际关系以及国内建设提供历史参照，注重中国软实力的建设，使中国的国际地位日渐提升，在国际上树立良好的国际形象，提高我国当前在全球化背景下的国际竞争力。
[Abstract]:Facing the era of globalization and the strong momentum, the conflict remained in place, its property has changed, a national comprehensive strength is also changing. In addition to hard power, soft power increasingly strengthen role. Military security is not the main problem of security, national security concerns of the target, means so also is gradually changing.
At the beginning of the founding of new Chinese, hard power is relatively weak, facing the double pressure from domestic and international, how to build a new China, and that this nation can be widely acknowledged and recognized in the world, is an imminent problem, Mao Zedong in the exploration of the construction of new Chinese Road, although he did not put forward his ideas and claims for soft power, but in the process of national construction and international exchanges in the field of the principle of national soft power and put forward a lot of value theory, follow some rules of the soft power theory, and explored in practice, and achieved remarkable effect of the country's soft power, the embodiment of the the national soft power theory scientific grasp and consciously practice. The purpose of this paper is to find out the Mao Zedong national construction theory agrees with Chinese soft power construction, analysis and research of Mao Zedong The ideas and measures of national soft power construction in the domestic and international environment, the analysis of Mao Zedong national soft power internal structure and culture, providing theoretical guidance and reference for the construction of soft power in our country and socialist construction under the background of economic globalization, to enhance the Chinese status in the international relations provide a a reference dimension, finding the logical development from the historical process, summarize the experience and inspiration.
This article is divided into the following four parts:
The first part: the analysis and elements of national soft power related concepts, including the concept of national soft power, and expounds the relation between the national soft power and hard power of the country, the national soft power to its internal and external function of the standard is divided into culture, political values, political culture, foreign policy and the five elements the image of Joseph Nye's soft power development concept in China, the definition of cultural soft power, the interpretation of a suitable Chinese reality perspective. After the concept of soft power into China, has been used in many interdisciplinary fields, to speed up the process of China soft power.
The second part: the analysis of Mao Zedong's soft power thought background, mainly divided into domestic and international background of the founding of the early, after the founding of Chinese international position needs to be improved urgently, partners in the historical situation, China traditional culture as soft power play provides a rich nutrition and the use of the idea of international Soviet hegemony for the new China construction brought about the negative influence of the four aspects.
The third part expounds the concrete practice of Mao Zedong thought of national soft power, soft power of Mao Zedong in the national construction use is mainly reflected in the cultural exchange, which mainly expounds the cultural security concept Mao Zedong; diplomatic practice independent foreign policy; put forward the five principles of peaceful coexistence and its active use in dealing with the problem the international relations, in order to obtain a good influence internationally; Mao Zedong carry forward the spirit of internationalism, the four aspects of the behavior of aid to developing countries, the specific ideas and measures of Mao Zedong have been very rich in soft power field, combing Mao Zedong thought about the practice of national soft power and initiatives in the historical perspective look at China soft power construction the gain and loss plays an important role.
The fourth part: Mao Zedong's soft power theory and Practice on the contemporary significance and inspiration. Through the Mao Zedong national soft power theory and practice summary, the Mao Zedong national soft power thought provides a correct theoretical guidance for the Mao Zedong period Chinese, his international behavior and international responsibility also won a good international reputation for China; Mao Zedong's thought of the national security to safeguard the peace and development of the country and the world has also played an important role. Mao Zedong's soft power has the following several points for Contemporary Enlightenment: the importance of the construction of soft power, to adapt to the demand of international competition in the era of Mao Zedong; continue to oppose hegemonism, independent, peaceful diplomatic concept, defend world peace and development; to pay attention to the construction of socialist core values, promote the national spirit, cultural security; in On the basis of international relations and foreign policy making of national interests is not ideology; to continue to carry forward the spirit of internationalism, the development of foreign aid, but in foreign aid must also adhere to the facts, according to the guidelines. Summarize the experience, lessons learned, Mao Zedong's soft power thought to play its inherent historical and realistic significance.
Conclusion: Mao Zedong's soft power theory and practice has just started in the soft power research field, the research and analysis of Mao Zedong thought of national soft power, to actively use Mao Zedong theory and initiatives in the field of soft power in domestic construction and international exchanges, learn to adapt to the changing times of development experience, summarize the lessons of modern times international relations and domestic construction to provide historical reference, pay attention to the construction of Chinese soft power, the Chinese international status increasing, establish a good international image in the world, improve the international competitiveness of our country in the context of globalization.

【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：A841.6

【参考文献】