马克思人的发展理论及其中国化研究

发布时间：2018-04-26 13:59

本文选题：马克思 + 人的全面发展　；参考：《电子科技大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：人的本质与人的发展问题是古老而又常新的话题,每当社会进入发展变动的重要历史时期,这一话题就会引起人们的格外关注和研究。当代社会发展表现为全球化、信息化、民主化、网络化、多元化等特征,是人类历史上变化最为剧烈的时期之一,对人的认识以及对人的发展问题的研究也成为了时代重要课题。中国社会自改革开放以来发生了历史巨变,随着建设中国特色社会主义的伟大实践,逐步进入到了全面深化改革的历史新时期,全面建成小康社会和实现中华民族伟大复兴这“两个一百年奋斗目标”对推动当代中国社会现实的人的全面发展提出了新的要求。中国共产党始终坚持马克思主义指导思想,在各个时期的发展历程中,始终将马克思主义关于人的全面发展的根本价值诉求作为制定路线、方针、政策的立足点、出发点和最终归宿。在整个马克思主义的理论学说体系中,其创始人马克思本人关于人的发展理论在马克思主义关于人的全面发展理论中起着奠基、核心、和指导作用。加强并深化对马克思人的发展理论的基础研究,深入挖掘其崇高的价值旨归和丰富的理论内涵,对于更好地走中国特色社会主义道路,推动国家治理体系和治理能力现代化,顺利实现“两个一百年奋斗目标”,具有十分重要的理论意义和迫切的现实意义。人的发展是社会发展中最为复杂的内容之一,所涉及的方面、学科绝非单一的或者少数几个方面的简单相加,对它的研究必须采用多学科综合的方法。通过历史研究法,将马克思关于人的发展理论放在整个西方思想史的历史时空中进行探讨,不仅仅是为了说明马克思人的发展思想并非凭空产生,更是为了从思想史的角度来探寻马克思人的发展思想的历史渊源,有助于更清晰地从西方社会思想衍变的脉络中把握马克思人的发展理论。通过文本解析法,本文对马克思在不同历史时期的相关经典著作进行了文本探源,马克思早期受到黑格尔、费尔巴哈等人的思想影响较深,马克思也正是在这些思想巨人的肩膀上才能站得更高、看得更远,进而摆脱前人的错误的思想,继承前人的优秀的思想,发展了前人的思想,从而逐步形成唯物史观,并以之指导自己的理论研究和实践活动。由此,本文分别从理论准备、初始萌芽、科学形态、理论成熟四个时期探讨了马克思人的发展思想形成的艰辛过程。在历史探析和文本研究的基础上,本文还从人的发展的历史前提、现实动因、本质内涵、价值目标四个方面对马克思人的发展理论的核心内容进行了分析,构建了一个研究马克思人的发展理论的简洁明快却又清晰条理的框架。这一框架虽然没有将马克思关于人的发展的所有内容都囊括进来,但是已经能够从核心内容方面体现马克思人的发展理论的实质。理论的研究全在于运用,因而本文还通过理论与实践相统一的方法,将马克思关于人的发展理论运用于对当代中国社会发展的现实启示方面,以期能更好地推动人的全面发展。中国化的马克思主义是中国共产党在长期革命、建设、改革实践中形成的指导思想。中国共产党在科学分析每一历史时期社会主要矛盾的基础上提出不同的路线方针政策,但是贯穿在其中的一根价值主线就是为推动人的全面发展而奋斗。从“全心全意为人民服务”,到“实现共同富裕”,到“代表最广大人民的根本利益”,再到“以人为本”,直到今天的“共享人生出彩机会”,不难看出,这一马克思主义中国化发展历程中的核心思想一以贯之地坚持、继承和发展了唯物史观人的全面发展理论。在当代中国,中国共产党必须坚持人民性这一根本政治立场,通过推动国家治理体系和治理能力现代化而不断创设促进人的发展的制度体系和社会环境,在实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦的过程中,不断推进人的全面发展。
[Abstract]:The issue of human nature and human development is an old and often new topic. Every time society enters an important historical period of development and change, this topic will arouse people's special attention and research. The development of contemporary society is characterized by globalization, information, democracy, network and multi element, which are the most dramatic changes in the history of human beings. One of the periods, the understanding of people and the study of human development has also become an important subject of the times. Since the reform and opening up of China, the Chinese society has undergone great historical changes. With the great practice of building socialism with Chinese characteristics, it has gradually entered a new historical period of comprehensive deepening of the reform, built a well-off society in an all-round way and realized the Chinese nation. The great rejuvenation, "the two one hundred year goal", has put forward a new requirement for the all-round development of the contemporary Chinese social reality. The Communist Party of China has always adhered to the guiding ideology of Marx doctrine. In the course of the development of each period, the fundamental value appeal of Marx doctrine on the overall development of human beings has always been made the road of formulation. In the theory system of the whole Marx doctrine, his founder, Marx himself, plays a foundation, a core, and a guiding role in the theory of man's comprehensive development in Marx's theory, and strengthens and deepens the basic research on the theory of the development of Marx. It is of great theoretical and urgent practical significance to better take the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics, to promote the modernization of the national governance system and the ability to govern, and to achieve the "two goals of one hundred years of struggle". One of the most complex contents, the subject involved, is not a single or a few simple additivity. The study of it must be integrated with a multidisciplinary approach. Through historical research, Marx's theory of human development is discussed in the historical time and space of the whole western thought history, not only to say it is to be said. The development thought of the Ming Marx people is not born out of thin air. It is also to explore the historical origin of the development thought of Marx people from the perspective of the history of thought. It is helpful to more clearly grasp the theory of Marx's development in the context of the evolution of western social thought. Through the text analysis, this article is related to the correlation of Marx in different historical periods. The classic works are the source of the text, Marx was deeply influenced by Hagel, Feuerbach and others in the early days. Marx was also in the shoulders of these giants of thought can stand higher, see farther, and then get rid of the wrong ideas of the predecessors, inherit the ideas of the predecessors and develop the ideas of the predecessors, thus gradually form the formation of the ideas of the predecessors. On the basis of the four periods of theoretical preparation, initial germination, scientific form and theoretical maturity, this paper discusses the arduous process of the formation of Marx's thought of development. On the basis of historical analysis and text research, this article is also based on the historical premise and reality of human development. The core content of Marx's development theory is analyzed in the four aspects of motivation, essential connotation and value goal, and a concise, clear and clear framework for the development of Marx's development theory is constructed. This framework has not included all of Marx's content on human development, but it has been able to From the core content, it embodies the essence of Marx's theory of development. The study of theory lies in the application of the theory, so this article also applies Marx's theory of human development to the realistic enlightenment of the social development of contemporary China through a unified method of theory and practice, in order to better promote the all-round development of human beings. Marx's doctrine is the guiding ideology formed by the Communist Party of China in the long-term revolution, construction and reform. The Communist Party of China has put forward different routes and policies on the basis of scientific analysis of the main social contradictions in every historical period, but one of the main threads which runs through it is to strive for the overall development of the people. It is not difficult to see that the core thought of this Marx doctrine in the course of China's development is to adhere to and inherit and develop the historical materialism, to "realize common prosperity", to "represent the fundamental interests of the most people", and then to "people-oriented", and to today's "sharing the opportunity for the sharing of life." In contemporary China, the Communist Party of China must adhere to the fundamental political position of the people's nature and continuously create a system and social environment to promote human development by promoting the modernization of the national governance system and the governance capacity. In the process of realizing the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, the Chinese Communist Party continues to promote the whole human being. Development of the face.

【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：A81;D61

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