协商治理中话语平等权问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 20:14

本文选题：协商治理 + 话语平等权　；参考：《河北师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：20世纪90年代以来,出现了一种新型公共治理形式,被人们称作协商治理,其理论来源于协商民主。目前,协商治理作为一种重要治理形式而得到青睐和广泛推广。协商治理直接形成公共决策或者为公共决策的达成提供依据。协商治理是一种民主治理理念的创新,不断满足着公民对于民主政治的强烈需求,使公民自治和政府管理完美结合。协商治理的出现,打破了以往政府自上而下的治理传统,使公民自下而上的治理油然而生。协商治理不仅具有协商民主的协商与对话精神,而且还强调民主的真实性与政策的有效性,赋予公民更加广阔的参政平台,是民主政治在公共治理中的重要体现。话语平等权是指在话语交往过程中,话语主体之间是平等的,他们的交往过程是不受强迫的。人不是孤立的活在世界上,只要人活在世界上,就必然与其他人产生联系,而最重要的联系就是话语联系。人与人之间进行话语交往时,每个公民都有表达自己观点、展示自己偏好的平等权利,也有对他人观点提出批评、建议的平等权利。就某一个议题,每个公民都有提出自己观点的话语平等权,也有经过审慎思考,理性评判他人观点的话语平等权。在这样的话语交往中,公民之间的话语交往不受任何外界强制力量的控制,任何个人或组织都不能压迫和强制干涉话语主体的话语行为。在我国,民主政治获得了长足的进展,尤其是党的十八大以来,关于健全社会主义协商民主制度的提法,越来越深入人心,也取得了很大成效。但是,由于我国民主政治发展并不充分,在民主政治建设过程中,仍然会出现许多问题,需要我们进一步完善。协商治理作为协商民主的一种新型治理形式,迫切需要打开治理局面,为民主政治的发展谱写新篇章。论文从协商治理在运行过程中出现的话语平等权问题入手,从四部分展开对协商治理中话语平等权问题的探讨,找出影响话语平等权实现的制约因素,并进一步提出保障话语平等权实现的对策。第一部分为引言部分。介绍了协商治理中话语平等权问题提出的背景和研究意义,论述了国内外研究现状,介绍了本文的研究思路和研究方法,最后提出本文的重点、难点及创新之处。第二部分为协商治理与话语平等权的理论概述。在此部分,首先界定了协商治理和话语平等权的概念和基本特征,总结了协商治理与协商民主的关系,并论证了协商治理的理论基础。其次,分析了协商治理与话语平等权的内在契合关系,即协商治理内在要求话语平等权,话语平等权又是协商治理真正实现的保障。最后,从话语平等权在协商治理中的地位及价值两方面分析了话语平等权的必要性。第三部分主要分析了协商治理中话语平等权的实现条件和制约因素。其中,公民理性和制度理性是话语平等权实现的先决条件。从公民、政府、社会三个角度分析了协商治理中话语平等权实现的制约因素,这些制约因素有公民在话语平等意识和能力方面欠缺的影响,也有政府话语平等保障不到位的掣肘,还有弱势群体话语平等权社会资源匮乏的影响。这些因素的存在,都一定程度上影响了话语平等权的真正实现。第四部分是论文的重中之重,提出协商治理过程中保障话语权平等权实现的应对之策。此部分提出的对策主要是针对协商治理中话语平等权的制约因素提出的,包括培育现代公民、建立责任政府、平衡社会资源和推进依法治国四个方面。其中在培育现代公民方面,着力从意识和能力两个方面培育现代公民,以提高公民在协商治理中的话语平等意识和能力;在建立责任政府方面,要提高政府决策的科学性、民主性,完善话语权益保障之策,平衡强势群体和弱势群体的关系;在平衡社会资源方面,要实现促进组织资源、经济资源、和文化资源的平衡;在推进依法治国方面,要着力培育守法公民,同时还要积极打造守法政府,只有这样才能进一步保障协商治理中的话语平等权。结论部分对全文进行了总结,并提出了协商治理及话语平等权问题的延展课题。值得欣慰的是,在我国社会主义民主政治的大力推动下,我国的协商民主理论与实践获得了长足的进展。协商治理受到越来越多的关注,形式也日趋多样,协商治理中话语平等权也越来越受到尊重。但是,由于多种因素的影响,要使协商治理中话语平等权真正得到实现,还需要公民、政府和社会做出长期不懈的努力。
[Abstract]:Since 1990s, a new form of public governance has emerged, which has been called consultative governance, and its theory derives from consultative democracy. At present, consultative governance is favored and widely popularized as an important form of governance. Consultative governance forms a public decision directly or provides a basis for the achievement of public decision-making. The innovation of the concept of democratic governance has constantly met the strong demand of citizens for democracy and the perfect combination of citizen autonomy and government management. The emergence of consultative governance broke the previous government's top-down governance tradition and brought the citizens from the bottom to the top. The co business governance not only had consultation and dialogue with consultative democracy. It also emphasizes the authenticity of democracy and the effectiveness of policy, and gives citizens a broader platform for political participation. It is an important embodiment of democratic politics in public governance. As long as people live in the world, they are bound to connect with others, and the most important connection is discourse contact. When people communicate with others, each citizen expresses his own views, displays the equal rights of their own preferences, also gives an equal right to comment on the opinions of others, and proposes equal rights. On one issue, every citizen There are the right of discourse equality that puts forward his own views, and the right to discourse equality through prudent thinking and rational judgment of others' views. In this kind of discourse communication, the communication between citizens is not controlled by any external force, and no individual or organization can oppress and interfere with the discourse behavior of the discourse subject. The main politics has made great progress. In particular, since the eighteen Party of the party, the formulation of a sound socialist system of democratic consultative democracy has become more and more popular and has made great achievements. However, there will still be many problems in the process of democratic political construction, which needs us to be further finished. As a new form of governance of consultative democracy, consultative governance is a new form of governance. It is urgent to open a new chapter for the development of democratic politics. The thesis starts with the question of the right of discourse equality that appears in the process of negotiation governance, and explores the question of the right of the equal rights of the language in the four part of the consultative governance and finds out the influence of the discourse level. In the first part, it introduces the background and significance of the issue of the right to discourse equality in the consultative governance, discusses the status of the research at home and abroad, introduces the research ideas and methods of this paper, and finally puts forward the key and difficult points in this paper. The second part is an overview of the theory of consultative governance and the right to discourse equality. In this part, the concept and basic characteristics of consultative governance and discourse equality are defined, and the relationship between consultative governance and consultative democracy is summarized, and the theoretical basis of consultative governance is demonstrated. In the agreement relationship, that is, the negotiation governance requires the right of discourse equality, and the right of discourse equality is the guarantee of the real realization of the consultative governance. Finally, the necessity of the discourse equality right is analyzed from two aspects of the status and value of the discourse equality right in the consultative governance. The third part mainly analyzes the conditions and the system of the realization of the right of discourse equality in the consultative governance. Among them, civic rationality and institutional rationality are the prerequisites for the realization of the right to discourse equality. From three perspectives of citizens, government and society, the restrictive factors of the realization of the right of discourse equality are analyzed in the consultation governance. These factors have the influence of citizens' lack of discourse equality consciousness and ability, and the equal protection of the government discourse. The fourth part is the most important part of the thesis, and puts forward the countermeasures to ensure the realization of the right to speak the right of discourse in the process of consultative governance. The Countermeasures of this part are mainly the needles. The restrictive factors of the right of discourse equality in the consultative governance include four aspects: cultivating modern citizens, establishing a responsible government, balancing social resources and promoting the rule of law. In the cultivation of modern citizens, we focus on cultivating modern citizens from two aspects of consciousness and ability in order to improve citizens' sense of discourse equality in consultative governance. In establishing the responsible government, we should improve the scientific and democratic policy of the government, the democracy, perfect the policy of guaranteeing the rights and interests of the discourse, balance the relationship between the strong and the disadvantaged groups, and balance the resources of the society to promote the balance of the resources of the organization, the economic resources and the cultural resources. Citizens, at the same time, should actively build a law-abiding government, only in this way can we further guarantee the right to discourse equality in the consultative governance. Conclusion part is a summary of the full text, and the extension of consultative governance and the issue of the right to discourse equality is put forward. It is good to be thankful that under the vigorous promotion of socialistic democracy in China, the negotiation of our country The theory and practice of democracy have made great progress. Consultative governance has been paid more and more attention, and the form is increasingly diverse, and the right to discourse equality is also more and more respected in consultative governance. However, due to the influence of many factors, it is necessary to make the right of discourse equality in the consultative governance truly realized, and it also requires citizens, the government and the society to make a long period of time. A lax effort.

【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D630;D621

【参考文献】