党的十六大以来我国协商民主制度化发展研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 19:54

本文选题：党的十六大 + 协商民主　；参考：《西北师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：20世纪后期,由于社会经济的发展和利益的多元化,世界大多数国家所奉行的代议制民主已经无法完全实现人类所追求的自由和民主,所以,协商民主应运而生。协商民主强调的是所有受公共政策影响的公民或组织都是民主政治的主体,每个协商主体都有权参与到国家和社会的管理中来,这种民主意图实现更加广泛和真实的民主。协商民主是对代议制民主的一种补充,它的存在就是想促使公民直接参与公共生活。协商民主理论于20世纪80年代传入中国,为学术界所重视。由于我国目前处在社会转型时期,多元的文化和经济结构导致了利益多元化、社会矛盾丛生,而协商民主的存在提供了一种解决问题的方法。目前,协商民主在我国已得到了初步的发展,但是,由于缺乏完善的制度规范,它的发展步履维艰。而且党的十六大以来,党中央愈加重视协商民主的制度化发展,所以,我们要对这个问题做出研究。制度化意味着一系列的政治价值在多大程度上为社会所接受和认可,从而内化为日常的行为规范。协商民主制度化就意味着把协商民主的一些实践经验和价值理念使之制度化,使得公民或利益团体参与公共事务管理有序化。所以,协商民主走上了制度化、程序化、规范化的渠道,从而为公民实现民主和国家治理完善作出贡献。本文的写作主要分为四个部分,第一部分是关于协商民主的理论基础。在这一章中主要了解协商民主的概念、内涵、特征。因为协商民主最早起于西方,所以,在了解概念时需要借鉴西方学者对此的看法。关于协商民主内涵特征的了解有助于把握协商民主的构成要素:协商、共识、合法性。文章第二部分是我国协商民主制度化的发展历程,包括对人民政协的政治协商、人大的立法协商、政府与社会的对话协商、中国共产党党内民主协商的制度化发展过程作出初步了解。第三部分是我国协商民主制度化发展的取得成就和存在问题,通过对上一章内容的论述,总结出已取得的成就和存在问题。第四部分是我国协商民主制度化发展的趋势。在这一章,我们可以明确我国协商民主制度化发展所要坚持的基本制度,国家各部门的协商民主制度化发展的趋势,最后寄希望于公民社会的成长,理性合格的现代国家公民和制度完善的社会组织必然能推动协商民主制度的发展。
[Abstract]:In the late 20th century, due to the development of social economy and the diversification of interests, the representative democracy pursued by most countries in the world has been unable to fully realize the freedom and democracy sought by mankind, so the consultative democracy came into being. Deliberative democracy emphasizes that all citizens or organizations affected by public policies are the subjects of democratic politics, and each negotiator has the right to participate in the management of the country and society. Deliberative democracy is a supplement to representative democracy, and its existence is to urge citizens to participate directly in public life. The theory of deliberative democracy was introduced into China in the 1980 s and attached great importance to by the academic circles. As our country is in the period of social transformation, the pluralistic cultural and economic structure leads to the diversity of interests and social contradictions, and the existence of deliberative democracy provides a way to solve the problem. At present, deliberative democracy has been developing preliminarily in our country, but it is difficult to develop because of the lack of perfect system and norm. Since the 16th Party Congress, the CPC Central Committee has paid more and more attention to the institutionalization of consultative democracy, so we should study this issue. Institutionalization means the extent to which a series of political values are accepted and recognized by society, thus internalizing them into daily norms of conduct. The institutionalization of deliberative democracy means to institutionalize some practical experiences and values of consultative democracy and to make citizens or interest groups participate in the management of public affairs in an orderly manner. Therefore, deliberative democracy has been institutionalized, programmed and standardized, thus contributing to the realization of democracy and the improvement of national governance. The first part is about the theoretical basis of deliberative democracy. In this chapter, we mainly understand the concept, connotation and characteristics of deliberative democracy. Since deliberative democracy originated in the West, it is necessary to learn from the views of western scholars in understanding the concept. Understanding the connotative characteristics of deliberative democracy is helpful to grasp the elements of deliberative democracy: negotiation, consensus, legitimacy. The second part of the article is about the development of consultative democracy in China, including the political consultation of the CPPCC, the legislative consultation of the NPC, the dialogue and consultation between the government and the society. The systematization development process of the democratic consultation within the Communist Party of China (CPC) has been preliminarily understood. The third part is the achievements and existing problems of the development of the system of consultation democracy in China. Through the discussion of the content of the previous chapter, the author summarizes the achievements and existing problems. The fourth part is the trend of the institutionalization of consultative democracy in China. In this chapter, we can make clear the basic system that our country should adhere to in the development of consultative democracy institutionalization, and the trend of the development of consultative democracy in various sectors of the country. Finally, we hope to see the growth of civil society. Rational and qualified citizens of modern countries and perfect social organizations can certainly promote the development of consultative democracy.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D621

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