碎片化政府视角下的社区负担问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-14 00:45

本文选题：碎片化政府 + 社区负担　；参考：《华中师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着社区建设的不断推进,社区的负担也越来越沉重,严重制约着社区工作的有效开展和社区治理水平的提高,社会各界要求为社区减负增效的呼声越来越高。只有搞清楚社区负担为何会越来越重,才能为我国的社区建设找到真正的突破口,才能寻求社区减负增效之道。因此,本文围绕“社区负担是什么”和“为什么’的问题,从碎片化政府的分析视角来解读社区负担,以期为社区减负增效提供依据。碎片化政府是指由专业化分工造成的各部门之间存在隔阂与冲突,陷入沟通和协调困境的政府结构。碎片化政府的存在导致政府内部管理的效率低下、资源严重浪费,以及面对棘手的问题时束手无策,找不到有效的解决途径。我国的碎片化政府表现在两个方面：纵向的“条线政府”和横向的“部门政府”,具体来说是纵向各级政府的权力分化和横向各政府部门的职能分化。“条线政府”的存在,导致了各级政府权、责、利的冲突,形成了资源配置的碎片化和政策的碎片化,在社区层面主要表现为权责错位、利益冲突、多头管理、政策执行偏差和政策“打架”等问题,加重了社区负担。“部门政府”的存在,以及各职能部门的“地盘争夺战”,导致了部门垄断的惯性、内部协调不畅的惯性、行政命令的惯性、部门行政考核的惯性,在社区层面表现为行政摊派任务重、社区干部兼职过多,人均事务多,台账数量多,挂牌多、检查多、信息平台多等六多问题,使社区工作重复低效。因此,如果不能自上而下的深化行政体制改革,改变条块分割和部门垄断,建立整体性政府,转变价值取向、区分治理主体的功能边界、重建治理秩序和创新治理机制,就不能从根本上解决社区的负担问题。无论是“江汉模式”、武昌区的大部制改革还是武汉市社区减负九大规定,以及南京社区减负的七项规定,都只是治标之策,在运行中必将遇到垂直整合、条条运行、部门垄断的体制性障碍。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the continuous promotion of community construction, the burden of the community is becoming more and more heavy, which seriously restricts the effective development of community work and the improvement of community governance. Only by making clear why the burden of the community is getting heavier and heavier can we find a real breakthrough for the community construction in our country and seek the way to reduce the burden and increase the efficiency of the community. Therefore, this paper focuses on the issues of "what is the burden of the community" and "why', and interprets the burden of the community from the perspective of fragmented government, in order to provide the basis for reducing the burden and increasing the efficiency of the community." Fragmented government refers to the government structure in which there are barriers and conflicts between departments caused by specialized division of labor and fall into the dilemma of communication and coordination. The existence of fragmented government leads to the inefficiency of government internal management, the serious waste of resources, and the lack of solutions to the thorny problems. China's fragmented government is manifested in two aspects: vertical "line government" and horizontal "departmental government", specifically, the vertical power differentiation of all levels of government and the functional differentiation of horizontal government departments. The existence of "line government" has led to conflicts of rights, responsibilities and interests at all levels of government, forming fragmentation of resource allocation and fragmentation of policies. At the community level, it is mainly manifested in power and responsibility dislocation, conflict of interests, and multiple management. Policy implementation bias and policy "fight" and other issues, increased the burden on the community. The existence of "departmental government" and the "turf war" of various functional departments have led to the inertia of department monopoly, the inertia of internal coordination, the inertia of administrative orders, and the inertia of departmental administrative examination. At the community level, there are six problems, such as heavy task of administrative assessment, excessive part-time work of community cadres, more per capita affairs, more accounts, more listings, more checks, more information platforms, and so on, so that community work is duplicated and inefficient. Therefore, if it is not possible to deepen the reform of administrative system from top to bottom, to change the fragmentation and monopoly of departments, to establish a holistic government, to change the orientation of value, to distinguish the functional boundary of the main body of governance, to rebuild the order of governance and to innovate the governance mechanism, Can not fundamentally solve the burden of the community. Whether it is the "Jianghan Model", the reform of the large Ministry system in Wuchang, the nine regulations on community burden reduction in Wuhan, and the seven provisions on community reduction in Nanjing, they are only palliative measures, and will inevitably meet with vertical integration and strip operation in the course of operation. Institutional barriers to sectoral monopolies
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D669.3

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