战后日本中央与地方关系的重构

发布时间：2018-05-19 14:13

本文选题：战后 + 日本　；参考：《兰州学刊》2017年05期

【摘要】：战后为将日本改造成和平民主国家,美国在日本实施了民主化与非军事化改革。在中央地方关系上战前形成的高度中央集权体制,与美国的民主化改革相悖。美国推行分权化改革,引入地方自治,以制衡中央政府。日本政府力争延续战前体制,坚持中央集权体制。两者的对立体现在民政局代表GHQ与内务省代表日本政府的博弈过程,最终确立地方自治,以宪法及配套法律的形式重构了战后日本中央地方关系的法制框架。在实践中,中央政府仍然居于优势地位,通过机关委任事务等方式制约地方政府,形成了集权融合型的中央地方关系。
[Abstract]:In order to transform Japan into a peaceful democracy after the war, the United States carried out democratization and demilitarization reform in Japan. The high centralization system formed before the war in central-local relations is contrary to the democratic reform of the United States. The United States carries out decentralization reform and introduces local autonomy to check and balance the central government. The Japanese government strives to continue its pre-war system and insists on a centralized system. The antagonism between the two is reflected in the game process between the representative of the Civil Affairs Bureau GHQ and the Ministry of the Interior on behalf of the Japanese government, which finally establishes local autonomy and reconstructs the legal framework of the post-war central and local relations of Japan in the form of constitution and supporting laws. In practice, the central government still occupies a dominant position and restricts the local government by means of agency appointment affairs, thus forming the central-local relationship of centralization and integration.
【作者单位】：中共中央编译局文献部;中国社会科学院研究生院;
【基金】：中国博士后科学基金第58批面上资助项目的阶段性成果之一
【分类号】：D731.3;K313.5

【相似文献】