美国印度裔移民对美印关系的影响

发布时间：2018-05-21 15:13

本文选题：印度裔移民 + 美印关系　；参考：《北京外国语大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着全球化的逐步深入,人口流动已经成为普遍现象。移民群体具有特殊的身份,他们依旧与母国有着很强的联系,他们成为有着两种社会背景的融合体。因为特殊的身份,他们在两国很多领域的交往中发挥着积极的作用。根据官方记录,1820年印度裔移民首次出现在美国的档案中,但当时移民人数少且社会地位十分低下。直到《1965年移民入籍法》的签署,印度裔移民才得以大量涌入美国,他们在美国获得更高的经济地位和社会地位后,美国印度裔移民群体对美印在很多领域的发展产生了积极的影响。本文希望通过对美国印度裔移民在美印政治、经济和文化领域的影响找到移民群体对于母国与接受国发展的积极意义。从而说明移民群体本身并不会造成社会问题,母国的支持与接受国的积极引导才能促进移民群体在两国发展中产生发挥积极的作用。美印关系自冷战后,从疏远变成"盟友关系",如今美国重返亚太,将印度视为最大的民主国家,美印关系已将上升到"战略伙伴关系""。本文在探讨印度裔移民群体对美印在政治、经济和文化领域的交往的影响前首先将印度人移民到美国的历程分为三个阶段。即1820-1945年少数印度人来到美国,1945-1965为了缓和美印关系,美国政府允许少数受过高等教育的印度人移民美国,1965年后大量印度人因为美国移民政策调整,而且他们自身掌握科学技术被美国政府鼓励移民美国。本文从三个方面探讨美国印度裔移民对美印关系的影响,其中包括美印政治关系,经济关系以及文教交流关系。美国印度裔移民首先获得了较强的经济实力,他们不仅因此获得社会地位,而且通过侨汇和直接投资的方式帮助印度发展经济,为美印经济贸易往来创造了条件。长期以来,印度的侨汇收入都是国内生产总值的3%-4%,侨汇收入已经成为印度经济发展重要的组成部分。美国印度裔移民自身实力的增强也间接地促进了印度经济发展。与此同时,印度裔移民在美国很多领域都是精英成员,他们为两国在多领域的合作做出了积极的努里,促进美印经贸往来和两国经济发展的共赢。除获得经济发展外,印度裔移民通过政治献金和游说国会等方式在几次美印政治出现危机的时候通过这个特殊的群体表达印度的意愿最终平稳的化解危机。美国印度裔群体数量大,社会影响力强,他们有能力改变国会对该群体的认知进而影响政治事件的走向。最后在文化方面,移民群体本身就带有文化交流的特质,他们通过自身文化的特色在两国之间架起文教交流的桥梁,在很多文教交流活动中印度裔移民群体扮演者重要的角色,他们是组织者,实践者更是促进者。全文采用文献分析法与案例分析法,通过对美印政治、经济、文化领域发生的事件中印度裔移民所发挥的作用进行分析。通过研究发现,虽然印度裔移民进入美国后产生文化不适与身份缺失的问题,但他们经过一段时间的融合逐渐找到自己的定位。与此同时,印度抓住机遇为印度裔移民群体提供双重国籍保证印度裔移民群体在母国与接受国之间产生较强的纽带关系,母国的支持为印度裔移民群体在美国社会的发展提供助力。美国社会因为印度裔移民群体具有强大的经济实力与社会影响力在很多与印度的争端中考虑到印度裔群体的呼声从而化解很多矛盾。总的来说,从美国印度裔移民群体能够在美印关系发展中发挥积极作用说明在母国与接受国积极引导与支持下,移民群体凭借着特殊的身份和与母国和接受国的纽带关系可以产生积极影响。
[Abstract]:With the gradual deepening of globalization, population mobility has become a common phenomenon. Immigrant groups have a special identity. They still have a strong link with their home country. They become a fusion of two social backgrounds. Because of their special status, they play a positive role in the exchanges in many fields of the two countries. In 1820, India immigrants first appeared in the archives of the United States, but the number of immigrants was small and the social status was very low. Until the signing of the immigration law of immigration in <1965, the immigrants of India descended into the United States. After their higher economic status and social status in the United States, the American immigrants of India descendants were imprinted on the United States. The development of the field has a positive impact. This article hopes to find the positive significance of the migration group to the home country and the recipient country through the influence of India immigrants in American and Indian political, economic and cultural fields. Thus, it shows that the migration group itself does not cause social problems, the support of the mother country and the positive guidance of the recipient country. The United States and India relations have risen to the "strategic partnership". This article is discussing the political, economic and literature of the India immigrants to the United States to the United States. There are three stages in the process of changing the Indian people to the United States before the impact of the interaction. That is, a few Indians come to the United States in 1820-1945 years, 1945-1965 to ease the US and India relations. The American government allows a few Indians with higher education to immigrate to the United States, and after 1965 a large number of Indians have been adjusted because of American immigration policies. Their own knowledge of science and technology is encouraged by the United States government. This article discusses the influence of American immigrants on India and India from three aspects, including American and Indian political relations, economic relations and cultural and educational exchanges. The American India immigrants first obtained strong economic strength, and they not only gain social status. And through remittances and direct investment, it helps India to develop its economy and create conditions for the economic and trade exchanges between the United States and India. For a long time, the income of remittances in India has been 3%-4% of gross domestic product, and the income of remittances has become an important part of the economic development of India. The enhancement of the strength of the India immigrants in the United States is also indirectly promoted. At the same time, India economic development. At the same time, India immigrants are members of the elite in many fields of the United States. They have made a positive Nouri for the cooperation of the two countries in the multi field cooperation, promote the economic and trade exchanges between the United States and India and win the win-win of the economic development of the two countries. In addition to the economic development, the immigrants of India descendants through political contributions and lobbying Congress are in a few ways. At the time of the crisis of the sub American Indian politics, the desire to express India through this special group finally settled the crisis. The number of American India descendants is large and the social influence is strong. They have the ability to change the cognition of the Congress to the group and then affect the trend of political events. Finally, in culture, the immigrant group itself has a culture. The characteristics of communication, they build a bridge of cultural and educational exchanges between the two countries through their own cultural characteristics. In many cultural and educational exchanges, the India descendants play an important role. They are organizers and practitioners are more facilitators. The full text adopts the literature analysis and case analysis, through the political, economic and cultural fields of the United States and India. The role of India immigrants in the event is analyzed. Through the study, it is found that although India immigrants enter the United States, they have a problem of cultural discomfort and lack of identity, but they gradually find their own position after a period of integration. At the same time, India has seized the opportunity to provide dual nationality for the immigrants of India descent. To ensure the strong ties between the India immigrants and the recipient countries, the support of the mother country helps the development of the India immigrants in the development of the American society. Because of the strong economic strength and social influence of the India immigrants, the India descendants are taken into account in many disputes with India. In general, the positive role of India immigrants from the United States in the development of the relationship between the United States and India shows that, with the positive guidance and support of the mother country and the recipient country, the immigrant group can have a positive impact on the special identity and the ties with the mother country and the recipient country.
【学位授予单位】：北京外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D871.2;D835.1

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