叙利亚危机与叙土关系变迁研究

发布时间：2018-05-24 05:40

  本文选题：叙利亚 + 土耳其　； 参考：《西北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：自2010年底以来所谓的“茉莉花革命”逐步波及中东国家,埃及、利比亚、也门、叙利亚等阿拉伯国家相继卷入前所未有的政治危机。本文通过回顾历史,阐述叙利亚在内政外交与土耳其的关系的波动。虽然在危机爆发前,两国始终围绕领土纠纷、水资源分配、库尔德工人党等问题反复出现矛盾,双边关系也并不稳定,但这仅是短时间内国家利益的反映。2000年后叙利亚巴沙尔政府、土耳其埃尔多安领导的正义发展党相继上台,并开始重点发展地区间关系,得益于此叙土两国保持了长达近十年的“蜜月期”,这期间双方经济、政治、军事往来频繁,关系密切。然而在2011年3月叙利亚危机爆发后,叙、土两国双边关系发生巨大变化。土耳其埃尔多安政府一改昔日对叙友好的政策,反向支持叙反对派组织并为其提供军事帮助等。这种外交关系的剧变与土耳其在这场危机中的政治诉求、利益走向息息相关。面对以美国为首的西方国家一系列“倒叙”行动与制裁,叙利亚实行联合俄罗斯、伊朗等盟友的外交对策。巴沙尔在各国间平衡“倒叙”压力的做法为保全自身执政地位赢得了时间。而在2016年中旬土耳其对俄罗斯表现出亲近趋势、俄土关系的修好也带动土耳其对叙态度开始逐步转暖。叙利亚内战发生后所带来的次生危机不可避免,特别是难民外溢给邻近国家甚至欧洲地区带来压力。难民危机更是对土耳其国内的政治经济产生冲击,同时影响了土耳其不断调整对叙政策。文章最后对叙利亚国内在战后未来政治生态做出预测以及对叙土关系在危机过后的前景做出分析。
[Abstract]:Since the end of 2010, the so-called "Jasmine Revolution" has spread to the Middle East, Egypt, Libya, Yemen, Syria and other Arab countries have been involved in unprecedented political crisis. By reviewing history, this paper expounds the fluctuation of Syria's domestic and foreign relations with Turkey. Although before the outbreak of the crisis, the two countries had always had contradictions over territorial disputes, allocation of water resources, the PKK, and so on, and bilateral relations were also unstable. But this is only a reflection of national interests in a short period of time. After 2000, the Bashar government in Syria and the Justice and Development Party led by Erdogan in Turkey took power one after another, and began to focus on developing inter-regional relations. Thanks to the fact that Syria and Turkey have maintained a "honeymoon period" of nearly a decade, the two sides have had frequent economic, political and military contacts and close ties. However, after the crisis broke out in Syria in March 2011, bilateral relations between Turkey and Turkey changed dramatically. Turkey's Erdogan government changed the former friendly policy toward Syria, reverse support for Syrian opposition groups and provide military assistance. This dramatic change in diplomatic relations is closely linked to Turkey's political demands and interests in the crisis. In the face of a series of "flashbacks" and sanctions in the West led by the United States, Syria has adopted a diplomatic strategy of United Russia, Iran and other allies. Mr Bashar's balancing of "flashbacks" among countries has bought time to preserve his position in power. In mid-2016, Turkey showed a trend of closeness to Russia, and the rapprochement between Russia and Turkey led to a gradual warming of Turkey's attitude towards Syria. The secondary crisis brought about by the Syrian civil war is inevitable, especially the pressure of refugee spillovers on neighboring countries and even Europe. The refugee crisis has also had an impact on Turkey's domestic politics and economy, and affected Turkey's constant adjustment of its policy toward Syria. At the end of the paper, the future political ecology of Syria after the war is predicted and the prospect of Syrian-Turkish relations after the crisis is analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D815.4
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本文编号：1927887