新加坡独立问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-24 13:14

本文选题：新加坡 + 独立　；参考：《赣南师范学院》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：战后,新加坡一直致力于摆脱英国统治,与马来亚合并。为了实现这一目标,新加坡一方面积极与英国政府谈判,争取自治,并且最终于1959年成为英联邦内的一个自治邦;另一方面希望获得马来亚联邦对新马合并的支持,在英国的推动下,马来亚政府提出马来西亚计划。但是,新马关系持续紧张,无奈之下,新加坡脱离马来西亚独立。本文采用文献研究法,通过对资料的归纳整理,分析不同时期新加坡追求的目标、英国的新加坡政策以及马来亚对新加坡的态度,多角度探讨新加坡独立问题。本文共四章。第一章探讨新加坡如何获得自治。战后英国在新加坡的殖民统治被削弱,当地社会经济的波动推动着岛内政治力量的发展,新加坡与英国政府举行了宪制会谈,英国此时国力衰退,加上国际民族解放运动和美国反殖的压力,被迫同意了新加坡的自治要求。第二章讨论新加坡独立的第二个阶段:新马合并。人民行动党执政后经过党内以及与社阵的斗争,成功地获得了新加坡政坛对合并的支持,同时通过马来化政策和全民公投获得了民众的支持,在英国的推动下,马来亚政府也转变态度同意与新加坡合并,提出建立马来西亚的建议。第三章阐述新马矛盾及新加坡独立。新马双方存在诸多矛盾,在政治上,两地执政党针对大选、对马华公会的态度和各自势力范围出现分歧;经济上,新加坡上交中央政府的财政收入比例、提高税收和建立共同市场也都无法达成一致。这些矛盾以1964年新加坡爆发的两次种族骚乱的形式表现出来,最后新加坡被迫脱离马来西亚联邦,成为独立的主权国家。第四章分析新加坡独立对自身及地区的影响。特殊的独立历程为新加坡威权政治的建立打下基础,使得新加坡经济转向出口替代为主的外向型模式,新生政权还必须提高国内的国家认同,同时独立使得新加坡的外交重心是获得国际承认和确保自身安全。新加坡独立还影响着其他国家,东南亚地区在这个过程中逐渐从冲突走向了合作,西方国家和社会主义国家的态度虽然有所不同,但是先后都承认了新加坡的主权地位,这些为新加坡以后的发展提供了条件。
[Abstract]:After the war, Singapore has been trying to break away from British rule and merge with Malaya. In order to achieve this goal, Singapore, on the one hand, actively negotiated with the British Government for self-government, and eventually became an autonomous state within the Commonwealth in 1959; on the other hand, it wished to obtain support from the Malayan Federation for the merger of Malaysia and New Malaysia. Pushed by Britain, the Malayan government put forward the Malaysian plan. However, relations between Singapore and Malaysia continue to tense, helpless, Singapore independence from Malaysia. By means of literature research, this paper analyzes the objectives of Singapore in different periods, the Singapore policy of Britain and the attitude of Malaya towards Singapore, and probes into the issue of Singapore independence from various angles. There are four chapters in this paper. The first chapter discusses how Singapore obtains autonomy. After the war, British colonial rule in Singapore was weakened, and the local social and economic fluctuations promoted the development of political power on the island. Singapore held constitutional talks with the British government, and Britain's national strength declined at that time. Combined with pressure from the International Movement for National Liberation and the United States, they were forced to accede to Singapore's demand for autonomy. Chapter two discusses the second stage of Singapore's independence: the merger of Singapore and Malaysia. After the people's Action Party came to power, it successfully gained support for the merger in Singapore's political arena through the struggle within the party and with the Social Front. At the same time, it gained the support of the people through the Malay policy and the referendum. Under the push of the United Kingdom, The Malayan government has also changed its stance and agreed to a merger with Singapore, proposing Malaysia. Chapter three expounds the contradiction between Singapore and Malaysia and the independence of Singapore. There are many contradictions between Singapore and Malaysia. Politically, the ruling parties of the two countries have different views on the MCA and their respective spheres of influence in the light of the general election. Economically, Singapore hands over to the central government the proportion of its revenue to the central government. Nor can we agree on raising taxes and establishing a common market. These contradictions took the form of two ethnic riots that broke out in Singapore in 1964, when Singapore was forced to secede from the Malaysian Federation and become an independent sovereign state. Chapter four analyzes the influence of Singapore independence on itself and the region. The special process of independence laid the foundation for the establishment of Singapore's authoritarian politics, and made Singapore's economy shift to export-oriented mode of export substitution. The new regime must also enhance the national identity at home. At the same time, independence has made Singapore's foreign policy focus on international recognition and ensuring its own security. Singapore's independence has also affected other countries. In this process, Southeast Asia has gradually moved from conflict to cooperation. Although the attitudes of western countries and socialist countries are different, they have all recognized Singapore's sovereign status successively. These provide conditions for Singapore's future development.
【学位授予单位】：赣南师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D733.9

【相似文献】