小泉与安倍政权的对华政策比较研究

发布时间：2018-06-14 23:56

本文选题：小泉政权 + 安倍政权　；参考：《南京大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：2012年12月安倍晋三在重振日本的口号下再次出任日本首相,并且连任至今,结束了自小泉以后日本首相频繁更迭的现状。安倍再次出任日本首相时,国际局势开始发生剧烈变化。以美国为首的国际体系开始面临前所未有的变化和挑战,美欧日的实力和影响力相对下降,而中俄等新兴国家却在不断崛起,国际权力转移与世界多极化趋势明显,国际格局进入新一轮调整阶段。这一变化在东亚地区尤为明显,随着中国GDP在2010年超过日本以及军力的快速提升,特别是中国日趋强硬的外交立场,使日本产生了严重的"战略焦虑"。为此,安倍再次上台之后,积极追随美国围堵中国,对华实施"全面遏制"政策。不仅在政治和安全领域对中国采取强硬遏制政策,在经济领域也采取"去中国化"政策以遏制中国经济发展。与此同时,安保政府在2015年解禁集体自卫权,大幅转变战后日本的安保体制,推动日本迈向"普通国家"。安保政府的对华"全面遏制"政策,导致中日两国之间的持续紧张对立,经贸往来也受到严重影响,中日关系开始进入"政冷经冷"局面。安倍再次执政依赖的中日关系让人们回想起16年前的小泉执政时期的中日关系。1991年随着苏联解体冷战宣告结束,国际局势发生剧烈变化。与此同时,随着"泡沫经济"的破灭和"五五体制"的崩溃,导致日本国内陷入长期的经济停滞和政局混乱。受此影响,日本开始调整国家战略,确立了旨在成为政治大国和军事大国的"普通国家"路线。进入21世纪,随着"多极化"的进一步发展,特别是中国的逐渐崛起,加剧了日本的紧迫感。在2001年4月小泉上台之后,积极推动"普通国家"战略。小泉政府在处理对华关系方面开始进行大幅度调整。一方面认为中国经济的不断发展和国内的稳定,对日本和亚太地区的繁荣与安全是极为重要的;而另一方面,又把中国的崛起特别是军事力量的增强视为对日本的威胁,是其在亚洲领导地位的障碍。因此,在小泉执政时期,在与中国保持密切经济合作的同时,在政治上则对中国采取强硬姿态。通过巩固日美同盟和加强与周边国家的合作,以牵制中国日渐增强的影响力,确保日本在亚洲的领导地位。由于小泉强硬的对华政策,导致这一时期中日关系陷入历史低谷。小泉纯一郎和安倍晋三有许多相同点,他们不仅同属自民党内的强硬保守派(森派),而且同样出身政治世家。通过研究小泉和安倍政权执政时期对华政策表现及变化,找出其中异同性,并分析其影响因素以及今后中日关系的走势。这将有有助于我国调整对日外交政策,使之更具有针对性,有效捍卫国家主权和维护国家利益。
[Abstract]:Shinzo Abe was re-appointed as prime minister in December 2012 under the slogan of reviving Japan, and has been re-elected since December 2012, ending the state of frequent change of prime minister since Koizumi. When Abe became Japan's prime minister again, the international situation began to change dramatically. The United States-led international system is beginning to face unprecedented changes and challenges. The strength and influence of the United States, Europe and Japan are relatively declining, while China and Russia and other emerging countries are constantly rising. The international power transfer and the trend of world multipolarization are obvious. International pattern enters a new round of adjustment stage. This change is particularly evident in East Asia, where China's GDP overtook Japan's in 2010 and the rapid rise in military strength, especially China's increasingly assertive diplomatic stance, which has created serious "strategic anxiety" in Japan. To this end, Abe came to power again, actively follow the United States to block China, China to implement a "comprehensive containment" policy. Not only in the political and security areas to take a tough containment policy against China, but also in the economic field to "de-China" policy to curb China's economic development. At the same time, the security government lifted the ban on collective self-defence in 2015, dramatically transforming Japan's postwar security system and pushing Japan toward an "ordinary state." The security government's policy of "comprehensive containment" against China has led to continued tension and confrontation between China and Japan, and economic and trade exchanges have also been seriously affected. The Sino-Japanese relationship, on which Abe once again depends, is reminiscent of Sino-Japanese relations during Koizumi's reign 16 years ago. The international situation changed dramatically in 1991 with the end of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War. At the same time, with the bursting of the bubble economy and the collapse of the Fifth five-year system, Japan has been plunged into long-term economic stagnation and political chaos. Influenced by this, Japan began to adjust its national strategy and set up a "common country" line aimed at becoming a political and military power. In the 21st century, with the further development of "multipolarization", especially the gradual rise of China, Japan's sense of urgency has been heightened. After Koizumi came to power in April 2001, he actively promoted the "ordinary state" strategy. Koizumi government in handling relations with China began to make major adjustments. On the one hand, it holds that the continuous economic development and domestic stability of China are extremely important to the prosperity and security of Japan and the Asia-Pacific region; on the other hand, it regards the rise of China, especially the increase of military power, as a threat to Japan. Is an obstacle to its leadership in Asia. Therefore, during Koizumi's administration, while maintaining close economic cooperation with China, he took a tough stance toward China politically. Japan's leadership in Asia will be ensured by consolidating its alliance with the United States and strengthening cooperation with neighboring countries to rein in China's growing influence. As a result of Koizumi's strong policy toward China, this period, Sino-Japanese relations fell into a historical trough. Junichiro Koizumi and Shinzo Abe have much in common, not only as hardline conservatives in the LDP, but also as political clans. By studying the performance and changes of Koizumi and Abe's policies towards China during their reign, the author finds out the similarities and differences, and analyzes the influencing factors and the trend of Sino-Japanese relations in the future. This will help our country adjust its foreign policy towards Japan, make it more targeted, effectively defend national sovereignty and safeguard national interests.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D822.331.3

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