轻度失能老人居家养老服务的个案工作介入研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 06:35

本文选题：轻度失能老人 + 居家养老服务　；参考：《吉林农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国人口老龄化程度的不断加深,老年人口的数量不断增加,失能与半失能老年人的数量也在不断增加。2016年10月,全国老龄办对中国城乡老年人生活状况做了抽样调查,报告显示,虽然当今社会老年人的健康状况得到了很大的改善,但仍有18.3%的老年人处于失能或半失能的状态,总人数达到4063万,约占老年人口的两成。失能或半失能的老年人由于自身疾病的原因,往往在经济和精神方面存在更大的压力,因此在养老方式的选择上,更应该考虑其经济和精神压力。另据相关研究发现,老年人生活在自己熟悉的环境中,不仅能够减少经济支出,其生活满意度也会更高。由此来说,传统的居家养老和机构养老已经很难满足轻度失能老人在物质及精神等多方面的养老需求。另外,我国目前的居家养老服务正处于起步阶段,在专业服务的提供、人员的管理、人才的引进等许多方面仍有待提高。因此,引进专业的社会工作者,提供专业服务的新型居家养老方式,将在很大程度上发挥其优势,极大地提高轻度失能老年人的居家养老服务水平,更好的满足这一群体的居家养老服务需求。本文以济南市某社区的日间照料中心为依托,选取了社区内的轻度失能老人为研究对象。主要运用个案访谈法和观察法,以优势视角为基础,将活动理论、需求层次理论以及社会生态系统理论作为理论支撑。通过实地调查,了解社区内轻度失能老人的养老现状,发现其居家养老服务存在的问题。在社区工作人员的帮助下,与案主建立起专业关系,通过具体服务的开展,进一步了解案主居家养老的现实所需,帮助案主澄清其非理性信念,一起制定改变的计划。充分挖掘案主自身及其周边可利用的优势资源,发挥个案社会工作的专业优势展开介入服务,帮助案主健全其社会生态网络,增强其社会交往能力。通过提供专业的医疗康复及心理辅导等方面的服务,弥补轻度失能老人得不到满足的居家养老服务需求,使其多元化的养老需求得到更好的满足,并为其他轻度失能老人居家养老服务的开展提供建议。
[Abstract]:With the aging of China's population, the number of the elderly population is increasing, and the number of disabled and semi-disabled elderly is also increasing. In October 2016, the National Office on ageing conducted a sample survey on the living conditions of the elderly in China's urban and rural areas. The report shows that although the health status of the elderly has been greatly improved, there are still 18.3% of the elderly in the state of disability or semi-disability, the total number reaching 40.63 million, accounting for about 20% of the elderly population. The disabled or semi-disabled elderly people often have more economic and mental pressure because of their own disease. Therefore, the choice of old-age care mode should consider their economic and mental pressure. According to related research, the elderly living in their familiar environment, not only can reduce economic expenditure, their life satisfaction will also be higher. Therefore, it is difficult to meet the material and spiritual needs of the elderly with mild disability. In addition, the current home pension service in China is in the initial stage, in the provision of professional services, the management of personnel, the introduction of talent and many other aspects still need to be improved. Therefore, introducing professional social workers and providing professional services for the aged at home will bring their advantages into play to a great extent and greatly improve the level of home care services for the mildly disabled elderly. Based on the daytime care center of a community in Jinan, this paper chooses the elderly with mild disability as the research object. Case interview and observation are mainly used to support the theory of activity theory, demand level theory and social ecosystem theory. Through field investigation, the present situation of the elderly with mild disability in the community is understood, and the problems in the service of the aged at home are found. With the help of community workers, we can establish a professional relationship with the owner of the case, through the development of specific services, to further understand the actual needs of the elderly at home, to help them clarify their irrational beliefs, and to work out a change plan together. The author fully excavates the advantage resources which can be used by the victim himself and his surroundings, exerts the professional advantage of the individual social work to carry out the intervention service, helps the victim to perfect his social ecological network, and strengthens his ability of social communication. Through the provision of professional medical rehabilitation and psychological counselling services, to make up for the mildly disabled elderly can not meet the needs of home pension services, so that their diversified pension needs are better met, And provide advice for other mildly incapacitated old people home endowment service development.
【学位授予单位】：吉林农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D669.6

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