马克思生态思想中国化研究
发布时间：2018-07-13 17:48
【摘要】：工业文明创造了人类历史中过去任何一个时期都无法创造出的社会物质财富。人类在享受工业文明带来的财富的同时,也面临着资源短缺、环境污染、生态破坏等一系列问题。这些问题已成为一个全球性问题,全人类都无法回避而必须面对。中国作为后发国家,在工业化、现代化发展过程中,同样面临生态问题的挑战。从日益严峻的生态现实出发,在各种理论资源中尽可能地寻找解决问题的有益启示与有效措施,不能离开马克思生态思想。马克思生态思想是马克思主义思想体系的重要组成部分。根据对经典文本的考察与挖掘,以及对相关研究的总结、归纳与提升,马克思生态思想的科学内涵得以哲学地呈现,主要在三个方面:人与自然相统一的和谐论,自然、人、社会相统一的整体观,唯物论和辩证法相统一的方法论。同时,马克思生态思想与其他生态学思想有着显著区别:首要特点是坚持从社会化大生产的大视野出发,重要特点是从批判资本主义制度入手,关键特点是以人的全面发展为主要目标。马克思生态思想以其独特的系统性、批判性、深遂性、前瞻性和哲学高度、方法论意义能对解决生态问题提供正确的有效的思想指导。马克思生态思想中国化是马克思主义中国化的组成部分。马克思生态思想中国化就是使其由一种世界性思想转化为具有“中国特色”的思想体系,与中国的生态文明建设实践相结合,更加深远地为当代和未来中国的发展服务,同时使其自身得到创造性发展。实现马克思生态思想中国化有深厚的根基:我国建立的社会主义制度为马克思生态思想中国化奠定了制度基石;中国在生态方面的现实状况是马克思生态思想得到运用的出发点,是马克思生态思想中国化的现实基础;中国传统文化中的生态智慧是马克思生态思想中国化的文化土壤,能为其提供生存根基和思想营养。所以,马克思生态思想必然跟随马克思主义中国化的新进程一并走上中国化道路。马克思生态思想中国化并不与马克思主义其他具体思想的中国化完全同步,而是在中国特色社会主义建设过程中根据现实需要,与时俱进地经历了从自发到自觉的过程。建国以来,从初期开展以“水利建设、植树造林、水土保持、环境污染治理和保护”为核心内容的尝试性探索,到党的第二代、第三代领导集体的“促使自然、资源、人口、社会协调发展,走可持续发展道路”为核心内容的主动实践,再到新时期以科学发展观、生态文明建设、“五位一体”的总布局为核心内容的中国化创新阶段,是我党在不同时期坚持以马克思生态思想为指导,应对生态困难和环境风险的生动体现,揭示了马克思生态思想与中国具体实践相结合并得以不断创新和发展的演进轨迹,以及始终坚持从国情出发、不断地实践探索而走向科学的理论升华的基本经验和相应成果。一定程度上,建设生态文明正是马克思生态思想中国化的最新成果。党的十八大首次把生态文明建设摆在社会主义建设总体布局的战略高度来论述,把“美丽中国”作为未来生态文明建设的宏伟目标。我们应改变旧有发展理念,必须采取更加有效的措施和办法,积极探索马克思生态思想中国化的未来路径,从而更好地促使马克思生态思想中国化,并落实到建设生态文明和“美丽中国”的实践中。马克思生态思想中国化的未来路径可以从思想路径、制度路径和实践路径几方面入手。思想上,应加强生态教育,树立生态文明理念,倡导生态消费方式;实践上,应转变经济发展模式,做好顶层制度设计;制度上,应完善生态建设的相关法律法规,制定完善生态环境经济政策,强化生态环境执法监督管理,完善经济社会发展评价体系。通过思想、制度和实践上的转变,实现马克思生态思想中国化的创造性发展,进而实现人与自然和谐共生、社会与生态和谐共进,将生产持续发展、人民生活富裕安康和生态系统优良的“中国梦”变为现实。
[Abstract]:Industrial civilization has created a social material wealth that can not be created in any period of human history. While enjoying the wealth brought by industrial civilization, human beings are also faced with a series of problems, such as shortage of resources, environmental pollution, and ecological destruction. These problems have become a global problem, and all mankind cannot avoid it. Facing the development of industrialization and modernization, China is also faced with the challenge of ecological problems in the process of industrialization and modernization. From the increasingly severe ecological reality, we can find useful inspiration and effective measures to solve the problem in all kinds of theoretical resources, and can not leave Marx's ecological thought. Marx's ecological thought is Marx doctrine. The important part of the ideological system. According to the investigation and excavation of the classical text, and the summary of the related research, induction and promotion, the scientific connotation of Marx's ecological thought can be presented philosophically, mainly in three aspects: the unity of harmony between man and nature, the unity of nature, man and society, materialism and Dialectics At the same time, there is a significant difference between Marx's ecological thought and other ecological ideas: the primary feature is to adhere to the great vision of the social production, and the important feature is to start with the criticism of the capitalist system, and the key feature is the overall development of human beings as the main goal. Marx's ecological thought is characterized by its unique and systematic nature. Critical, profound, prospective, forward-looking and philosophical, methodological significance can provide correct and effective ideological guidance for solving ecological problems. Marx's ecological thought is a part of the Sinicization of Marx's doctrine. The Sinicization of Marx's ecological thought is to transform a kind of world thought into a "Chinese characteristic" thought. Thinking of the system, combining with the practice of ecological civilization construction in China, serving the development of contemporary and future China more profoundly, and making its own creative development. It has a deep foundation to realize the Sinicization of Marx's ecological thought: the socialist system established in our country has laid the foundation stone for the Sinicization of Marx's ecological thought; The ecological reality of the country is the starting point of the application of Marx's ecological thought. It is the realistic foundation of the Sinicization of Marx's ecological thought; the ecological wisdom of Chinese traditional culture is the cultural soil of the Chinese culture of Marx's ecological thought, which can provide the foundation of survival and the thought of nourishment for it. Therefore, the ecological thought of Marx is bound to follow. The new process of the Sinicization of Marx's Sinicization has gone on the road to China. The Sinicization of Marx's ecological thought does not synchronize with the other specific ideas of Marx's doctrine, but in the process of building socialism with Chinese characteristics, it has experienced the process from spontaneity to consciousness according to the need of reality. Since the founding of the people's Republic, it has been from the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China. A tentative exploration of the core content of "water conservancy construction, afforestation, soil and water conservation, environmental pollution control and protection" is carried out to the core content of the second generation of the party and the third generation of leaders to promote the coordinated development of nature, resources, population, society, and the road of sustainable development, and then to the scientific development in the new period. The view, the construction of ecological civilization and the overall layout of the "five in one" as the core content of the Chinese innovation stage are the vivid embodiment of our party's insisting on Marx's ecological thought in different periods and responding to the ecological difficulties and environmental risks. It reveals that the ecological thought of Marx is combined with the concrete practice in China and has been continuously innovated and developed. In a certain degree, the construction of ecological civilization is the latest achievement of the Chinese ecological thought of Marx. The eighteen first party of the party put the construction of the ecological literature and Ming in the overall layout of the socialist construction. The "beautiful China" is regarded as the grand goal of the construction of the ecological civilization in the future. We should change the old concept of development and take more effective measures and measures to explore the future path of Marx's ecological thought in China, so as to better promote the ecological ideology of Marx to be sinicization, and to implement the construction of ecology. In the practice of civilization and "beautiful China", the future path of Marx's ecological thought in China can be started from the ideological path, the system path and the practical path. In thought, we should strengthen the ecological education, establish the concept of ecological civilization and advocate the mode of ecological consumption; in practice, we should change the mode of economic development and do a good job of the design of the top level system. On the other hand, we should improve the relevant laws and regulations of ecological construction, formulate the economic policies of ecological environment, strengthen the supervision and management of the law enforcement and supervision of the ecological environment, and perfect the evaluation system of economic and social development. Through the transformation of ideology, system and practice, the creative development of Marx's ecological thought in China is realized, and then the harmonious co-existence of man and nature is realized. It will advance with the ecological harmony and turn the "Chinese dream" of sustainable development of production, people's affluence and good ecosystem into reality.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D61
本文编号：2120248
[Abstract]:Industrial civilization has created a social material wealth that can not be created in any period of human history. While enjoying the wealth brought by industrial civilization, human beings are also faced with a series of problems, such as shortage of resources, environmental pollution, and ecological destruction. These problems have become a global problem, and all mankind cannot avoid it. Facing the development of industrialization and modernization, China is also faced with the challenge of ecological problems in the process of industrialization and modernization. From the increasingly severe ecological reality, we can find useful inspiration and effective measures to solve the problem in all kinds of theoretical resources, and can not leave Marx's ecological thought. Marx's ecological thought is Marx doctrine. The important part of the ideological system. According to the investigation and excavation of the classical text, and the summary of the related research, induction and promotion, the scientific connotation of Marx's ecological thought can be presented philosophically, mainly in three aspects: the unity of harmony between man and nature, the unity of nature, man and society, materialism and Dialectics At the same time, there is a significant difference between Marx's ecological thought and other ecological ideas: the primary feature is to adhere to the great vision of the social production, and the important feature is to start with the criticism of the capitalist system, and the key feature is the overall development of human beings as the main goal. Marx's ecological thought is characterized by its unique and systematic nature. Critical, profound, prospective, forward-looking and philosophical, methodological significance can provide correct and effective ideological guidance for solving ecological problems. Marx's ecological thought is a part of the Sinicization of Marx's doctrine. The Sinicization of Marx's ecological thought is to transform a kind of world thought into a "Chinese characteristic" thought. Thinking of the system, combining with the practice of ecological civilization construction in China, serving the development of contemporary and future China more profoundly, and making its own creative development. It has a deep foundation to realize the Sinicization of Marx's ecological thought: the socialist system established in our country has laid the foundation stone for the Sinicization of Marx's ecological thought; The ecological reality of the country is the starting point of the application of Marx's ecological thought. It is the realistic foundation of the Sinicization of Marx's ecological thought; the ecological wisdom of Chinese traditional culture is the cultural soil of the Chinese culture of Marx's ecological thought, which can provide the foundation of survival and the thought of nourishment for it. Therefore, the ecological thought of Marx is bound to follow. The new process of the Sinicization of Marx's Sinicization has gone on the road to China. The Sinicization of Marx's ecological thought does not synchronize with the other specific ideas of Marx's doctrine, but in the process of building socialism with Chinese characteristics, it has experienced the process from spontaneity to consciousness according to the need of reality. Since the founding of the people's Republic, it has been from the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China. A tentative exploration of the core content of "water conservancy construction, afforestation, soil and water conservation, environmental pollution control and protection" is carried out to the core content of the second generation of the party and the third generation of leaders to promote the coordinated development of nature, resources, population, society, and the road of sustainable development, and then to the scientific development in the new period. The view, the construction of ecological civilization and the overall layout of the "five in one" as the core content of the Chinese innovation stage are the vivid embodiment of our party's insisting on Marx's ecological thought in different periods and responding to the ecological difficulties and environmental risks. It reveals that the ecological thought of Marx is combined with the concrete practice in China and has been continuously innovated and developed. In a certain degree, the construction of ecological civilization is the latest achievement of the Chinese ecological thought of Marx. The eighteen first party of the party put the construction of the ecological literature and Ming in the overall layout of the socialist construction. The "beautiful China" is regarded as the grand goal of the construction of the ecological civilization in the future. We should change the old concept of development and take more effective measures and measures to explore the future path of Marx's ecological thought in China, so as to better promote the ecological ideology of Marx to be sinicization, and to implement the construction of ecology. In the practice of civilization and "beautiful China", the future path of Marx's ecological thought in China can be started from the ideological path, the system path and the practical path. In thought, we should strengthen the ecological education, establish the concept of ecological civilization and advocate the mode of ecological consumption; in practice, we should change the mode of economic development and do a good job of the design of the top level system. On the other hand, we should improve the relevant laws and regulations of ecological construction, formulate the economic policies of ecological environment, strengthen the supervision and management of the law enforcement and supervision of the ecological environment, and perfect the evaluation system of economic and social development. Through the transformation of ideology, system and practice, the creative development of Marx's ecological thought in China is realized, and then the harmonious co-existence of man and nature is realized. It will advance with the ecological harmony and turn the "Chinese dream" of sustainable development of production, people's affluence and good ecosystem into reality.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D61
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