尼日利亚外交决策中的总统因素分析
发布时间：2018-07-17 18:39
【摘要】：1960年，尼日利亚脱离英国统治而独立。经过五十多年的发展，非洲国家中人口最多，，自然资源最丰富的尼日利亚已于2015年成为非洲第一大经济体，并被认为是具有区域性影响力的国家。 建国后，尼日利亚便展现着独特的发展轨迹、特殊的宪政设置的过程、明显的宪法演变和不断完善和明晰的国家行政架构。1960年独立至今，其内部的种种因素的协同演变，决策体制从一种对西方的效仿，逐渐变化，形成了基于自身政治需要的、以总统为核心的外交决策模式，并直接导致了总统权力的变化方向。尼日利亚国内部族纷争明显、资源分配不均严重、恐怖主义兼宗教极端主义活动猖獗、传统伦理与现代管理之间的冲突不断。这些十分复杂的多重矛盾相互交织，为尼日利亚总统充分掌控外交决策权提供了必要条件。 与此同时，因尼国内政治精英层基本一致奉行现实主义的政治价值观，从而在外交决策中展现出超出其国家发展阶段的成熟和理性。在尼日利亚行政构架设置中，充分彰显了外交决策领域内专业文官的重要性：外交部在军政府和文官政府中得到了保留并充分发挥了专业优势；多个智库以“旋转门”的角色为各届政府培养着外交官员；各理事会则始终担当着行政部门间的协调角色。 这些特色构成了独特的尼日利亚外交决策景象。
[Abstract]:In 1960, Nigeria was independent from British rule. After more than 50 years of development, the largest population of African countries and the richest natural resources in Nigeria became the largest economy in Africa in 2015, and was considered as a country with regional influence.
After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Nigeria showed a unique development path, the process of special constitutional setting, the obvious constitutional evolution and the continuous perfection and clarity of the national administrative structure in the.1960 years, and the coordination evolution of various internal factors. The decision-making system has changed from a kind of imitation to the west, and has formed its own political needs. The mode of diplomatic decision-making at the core of the president has directly led to the changing direction of the power of the president. The internal tribal disputes in Nigeria are obvious, the distribution of resources is not serious, the terrorism and religious extremism are rampant, the conflict between the traditional ethics and modern management is continuous. These complex and multiple contradictions are interwoven with each other. The president of Nigeria provided sufficient conditions for full control of diplomatic decision-making power.
At the same time, the political elite of the domestic political elite is basically unanimous in pursuing the political values of realism, thus showing the maturity and reason beyond the stage of its national development in diplomatic decision-making. In the establishment of the administrative framework of Nigeria, the importance of professional civil servants in the field of diplomatic decision-making is fully highlighted: the Ministry of foreign affairs is in the military government and civilian officials. The government has been retained and made full use of its professional advantages; many think tanks have trained diplomatic officials with the role of "revolving door" for each government, and the Council has always played the role of coordination among the administrative departments.
These characteristics constitute a unique diplomatic decision-making scene in Nigeria.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D843.7
本文编号：2130578
[Abstract]:In 1960, Nigeria was independent from British rule. After more than 50 years of development, the largest population of African countries and the richest natural resources in Nigeria became the largest economy in Africa in 2015, and was considered as a country with regional influence.
After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Nigeria showed a unique development path, the process of special constitutional setting, the obvious constitutional evolution and the continuous perfection and clarity of the national administrative structure in the.1960 years, and the coordination evolution of various internal factors. The decision-making system has changed from a kind of imitation to the west, and has formed its own political needs. The mode of diplomatic decision-making at the core of the president has directly led to the changing direction of the power of the president. The internal tribal disputes in Nigeria are obvious, the distribution of resources is not serious, the terrorism and religious extremism are rampant, the conflict between the traditional ethics and modern management is continuous. These complex and multiple contradictions are interwoven with each other. The president of Nigeria provided sufficient conditions for full control of diplomatic decision-making power.
At the same time, the political elite of the domestic political elite is basically unanimous in pursuing the political values of realism, thus showing the maturity and reason beyond the stage of its national development in diplomatic decision-making. In the establishment of the administrative framework of Nigeria, the importance of professional civil servants in the field of diplomatic decision-making is fully highlighted: the Ministry of foreign affairs is in the military government and civilian officials. The government has been retained and made full use of its professional advantages; many think tanks have trained diplomatic officials with the role of "revolving door" for each government, and the Council has always played the role of coordination among the administrative departments.
These characteristics constitute a unique diplomatic decision-making scene in Nigeria.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D843.7
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