我国居家养老问题研究

发布时间：2018-07-23 12:36

【摘要】：随着经济水平的发展,人们总体生活水平得到了显著的提高,医疗卫生条件的提升也使得人们的寿命得到了普遍的延长,这也意味着老龄化浪潮正在袭来。老龄化的到来既是社会发展的产物,也是人类社会进步的体现。人口老龄化是一个世界性的共同问题,但对于人口基数庞大的中国来说,“未富先老”的国情极大的加剧了养老问题的解决难度。养老方式的合理选择成了国家、社会、家庭在解决养老问题上的共同焦点之一。居家养老作为一种有效的养老方式,是在社会经济转型、人口老龄化的大背景下应运而生的,能够实现传统家庭养老和机构养老的优势结合,推动社会化养老的发展进程,同时又能符合老年人的养老意愿,提高老年人的满意度,在一定程度上可以缓解我国的养老困境。但是居家养老方式在我国起步较晚,多数地区还处于探索阶段,发展中还存在许多问题,因此进行我国居家养老问题研究显得尤为重要。主要运用了文献查阅、案例分析、比较研究等方法,在对现有相关文献进行深入研究地基础上,对居家养老的核心概念进行了界定。以马克思社会保障理论、马斯洛社会需求层次理论、福利多元主义理论为基础,综合养老方式SWOT模型分析以及养老需求意愿等结果分析,阐述了选择居家养老的必然性。基于对我国居家养老发展现状和典型地区采用的具体做法,分析了我国居家养老在发展过程中存在的共性问题。我国居家养老存在的问题主要集中在资金不足、可利用资源分散化、基础设施不完善、服务提供不足、人力资源薄弱等几个方面。针对我国居家养老存在的普遍性问题,结合国内外先进地区的实践经验,从多个层面和角度出发,提出了发展居家养老的对策建议,主要包括发挥政府主导作用、扩大资金支持、整合社会资源、丰富服务内容、培养人力资源等方面的对策。
[Abstract]:With the development of economic level, the overall living standard of people has been significantly improved, the improvement of medical and health conditions has also made people's life expectancy has been generally extended, which also means that the tide of aging is coming. The arrival of aging is not only the product of social development, but also the embodiment of human social progress. The aging of population is a common problem in the world, but for China with a huge population base, the situation of "aging before becoming rich" greatly intensifies the difficulty of solving the problem of supporting the aged. The rational choice of the old-age system has become one of the common focus of the country, society and family in solving the pension problem. As an effective way to provide for the aged at home, it is born under the background of social and economic transformation and population aging. It can realize the combination of the advantages of traditional family pension and institutional pension, and promote the development of socialized old-age care. At the same time, it can meet the old people's desire for the aged, improve the satisfaction of the elderly, to a certain extent, can alleviate the plight of the aged in our country. However, the home pension system starts late in our country, most areas are still in the stage of exploration, and there are still many problems in the development, so it is particularly important to study the problem of home pension in our country. This paper mainly uses the methods of literature reference, case analysis, comparative study and so on. On the basis of in-depth research on the existing relevant documents, this paper defines the core concept of home pension. On the basis of Marx's social security theory, Maslow's social demand hierarchy theory and welfare pluralism theory, this paper expounds the inevitability of choosing home for the aged. Based on the present situation of home pension development and the specific methods adopted in typical areas, this paper analyzes the common problems existing in the development process of home pension in our country. The problems existing in the family pension in our country mainly focus on the following aspects: lack of funds, decentralization of available resources, imperfect infrastructure, inadequate service provision, weak human resources, and so on. In view of the universal problems existing in the home care for the aged in our country, combined with the practical experience of the advanced areas at home and abroad, this paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions for the development of the family pension from many aspects and angles, mainly including giving play to the leading role of the government. Expand fund support, integrate social resources, enrich service content, train human resources and other countermeasures.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D669.6

【参考文献】