恩格斯婚姻思想视角下新生代农民工婚姻现状研究

发布时间：2018-08-16 12:14

【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国农村实施了家庭联产承包责任制,农民能够自由地流动,随着全球化和世界经济一体化,我国建立了社会主义市场经济体制,在人口流动和市场经济的作用下,我国出现了外出打工的高潮。新生代农民工作为外出农民工的主体,一方面他们乡土观念淡薄,缺乏农业生产经验,成为农村中的边缘人;另一方面,他们年轻有活力,倾向城市文明,但是他们无法真正地融入城市,成为城市的边缘人。新生代农民工在传统与现代之间碰撞与徘徊着,他们处于双重边缘人身份,他们正处在恋爱、结婚、生育的人生阶段,他们的婚姻状况出现了一些新的变化,主要表现在择偶的方式、择偶的标准、通婚圈、伦理文化观念等方面。在经济因素、政策因素、文化因素以及个人因素的影响下,他们的婚姻具有两面性:进步的一面表现在择偶方式多样化、择偶标准高和多元化、通婚圈扩大化、伦理观念现代化等;问题的一面表现在成婚困难、婚姻功利化、性观念日益开放、伦理道德淡化、社会责任缺失、婚姻关系不稳定等。新生代农民工的婚姻现状具有一定的历史性和必然性,我们要准确地分析其中的机制,并作出相应的指导。恩格斯的婚姻思想是其历史唯物主义的重要内容,在《家庭、私有制和国家的起源》中,恩格斯阐述了婚姻的起源、发展趋势以及对人类未来婚姻的预期,深刻地剖析了人类社会婚姻的演变规律,这对新生代农民工的婚姻建设具有重要的指导意义。本文以新生代农民工的婚姻为切入点,试图运用恩格斯的婚姻思想对其婚姻进行理论剖析,并将文献研究法、现象分析法和数据分析法结合起来研究,旨在以恩格斯的婚姻思想来指导新生代农民工的婚姻建设,减少其婚姻问题。具体介绍如下:第一部分介绍了相关准备性的工作。首先,阐述了选题的背景与意义,随着全球一体化,婚姻成为一个全球性话题,恩格斯的婚姻思想对人类的婚姻具有重要的价值。国内外学者对恩格斯婚姻思想的理论价值进行了很多研究,也不乏对其现实价值的探讨;其次,梳理了关于恩格斯婚姻思想和新生代农民工婚姻现状的文献研究;再次,说明了研究的方法与创新点,我国正处在社会转型时期,新生代农民工形成了一个庞大的群体,我将采用文献研究法、现象分析法以及数据分析法对新生代农民工的婚姻现状进行研究,并运用恩格斯的婚姻思想对其进行剖析与指导;最后,对新生代农民工进行了界定,描述了其总体状况,为其婚姻现状的研究作了铺垫。第二部分介绍了恩格斯的婚姻思想。首先,本文通过对恩格斯众多著作的归纳和分析,梳理了恩格斯婚姻思想的发展脉络,将其婚姻思想的形成分为早期、发展、成熟三个阶段;其次,主要从婚姻道德具有同一性与差异性,婚姻关系具有两面性和历史必然性以及辩证地看待唯物史观对婚姻的阐释三个方面总结了恩格斯婚姻思想的唯物史辩证观;最后,归纳了恩格斯对未来婚姻展望的主要内容,随着私有制的消灭,人类进入共产主义社会,婚姻的基础将是爱情。在此基础上,恩格斯认为互爱是婚姻的缔结前提,专一是婚姻的道德保证,持久是婚姻的发展要求,离婚自由但不任性。第三部分对新生代农民工的婚姻现状进行了概述和理论剖析。首先,本文从择偶途径、择偶标准、通婚圈和婚姻伦理观念四个方面对其特征进行了分析。而影响新生代农民工婚姻的因素主要有人口流动与市场经济的影响,国家政策的实施,文化媒介的宣传以及个人心理的需求。他们的婚姻既有进步的一面也有问题的一面,这些概述为研究他们的婚姻提供了丰富的材料;其次,本文在丰富的材料的基础上,运用恩格斯的唯物史观从社会存在决定社会意识和社会意识对社会存在的反作用两条路径对其婚姻现状进行了理论剖析。第四部分提出了解决新生代农民工婚姻问题的对策。首先,以恩格斯的婚姻观为指导,树立正确的婚恋观,自由与责任并重;其次,给出了一些具体的对策,比如,加强流动管理,消除身份歧视,完善相关法律法规,营造良好婚姻环境,加强法律和道德教育,提高个人综合素质;最后,试图通过推动新型城镇化建设来解决新生代农民工的流动问题,进而解决其众多婚姻问题。本文的目的是通过这些对策缓解新生代农民工婚姻的问题,实现社会和谐,家庭幸福。第五部分主要是对全文进行一下回顾和总结。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's rural implementation of the household contract responsibility system, farmers can freely flow, with globalization and world economic integration, China has established a socialist market economy system, in the flow of population and market economy under the role of China's emergence of a new generation of migrant workers as migrant farmers. On the one hand, the main body of workers is weak in their local ideas, lack of agricultural production experience, and become the marginal people in the countryside; on the other hand, they are young and vigorous, inclined to urban civilization, but they can not really integrate into the city, become the marginal people in the city. Marginal status, they are in love, marriage, childbearing life stage, their marital status has undergone some new changes, mainly in the choice of spouses, standards, intermarriage circles, ethical and cultural concepts, etc. Under the influence of economic factors, policy factors, cultural factors and personal factors, their marriage has two aspects. Face: The progressive side is manifested in the diversification of spouse selection methods, high and diversified standards of spouse selection, widening intermarriage circle, modernization of ethical concepts, etc. The problems are manifested in the difficulty of marriage, utilitarian marriage, increasingly open sexual concepts, dilution of ethics and morals, lack of social responsibility, instability of marriage relations and so on. Engels'thought of marriage is an important part of his historical materialism. In the book The Origin of Family, Private Ownership and State, Engels expounds the origin, development trend of marriage and the expectation of future marriage of mankind. This paper analyzes the evolution law of marriage in human society, which is of great significance to the marriage construction of the new generation of migrant workers. Taking the marriage of the new generation of migrant workers as a breakthrough point, this paper attempts to use Engels'marriage thought to make a theoretical analysis of their marriage, and combines literature research, phenomenological analysis and data analysis to study. The purpose of this paper is to guide the marriage construction of the new generation of migrant workers and reduce their marriage problems with Engels'marriage thoughts.The specific introduction is as follows:The first part introduces the related preparatory work.Firstly, it expounds the background and significance of the topic selection.With the globalization, marriage has become a global topic. Marriage is of great value. Scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of research on the theoretical value of Engels'marriage thought, and also have a lot of discussion on its practical value; secondly, have combed the literature research on Engels' marriage thought and the marital status quo of the new generation of migrant workers; thirdly, have explained the research methods and innovations, our country is in the society In the transitional period, the new generation of migrant workers has formed a huge group. I will use the methods of literature research, phenomenological analysis and data analysis to study the marital status of the new generation of migrant workers, and use Engels'marriage thought to analyze and guide them. Finally, the new generation of migrant workers are defined, described its overall situation. The second part introduces Engels'marriage thought. Firstly, through the induction and analysis of Engels' many works, this paper combs the development of Engels'marriage thought, divides the formation of Engels' marriage thought into three stages: early stage, development stage and mature stage; secondly, it mainly focuses on the marriage moral instrument. There are similarities and differences, the dual nature of marriage and historical inevitability, and a dialectical view of historical materialism on the interpretation of marriage three aspects summarized Engels'historical materialism dialectical view of marriage; finally, summed up Engels' outlook on the future of marriage the main content, with the elimination of private ownership, mankind entered the Communist community. On this basis, Engels believes that mutual love is the precondition of marriage, exclusive is the moral guarantee of marriage, lasting is the requirement of marriage development, divorce freedom but not capriciousness. Quasi, intermarriage circle and marriage ethics are analyzed in four aspects. The main factors that influence the marriage of the new generation of migrant workers are the influence of population flow and market economy, the implementation of state policies, the propaganda of cultural media and the psychological needs of individuals. This paper provides a wealth of materials for the study of their marriage; secondly, on the basis of abundant materials, this paper uses Engels'historical materialism to analyze the marital status quo of the new generation of peasants from the two paths of social existence deciding social consciousness and social consciousness reacting to social existence. Firstly, under the guidance of Engels'concept of marriage, we should establish a correct concept of marriage and love, lay equal stress on freedom and responsibility; secondly, we should give some concrete countermeasures, such as strengthening the flow of management, eliminating identity discrimination, improving relevant laws and regulations, creating a good marriage environment, strengthening legal and moral education, and improving the overall quality of individuals. Finally, this paper tries to solve the problems of the new generation of migrant workers'mobility and marriage by promoting the construction of new urbanization. The purpose of this paper is to alleviate the problems of marriage of the new generation of migrant workers, to achieve social harmony and family happiness.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：A811;D412.6;D669.1

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