长春市南关区老年人口养老方式问题研究

发布时间：2018-09-01 10:48

【摘要】：2000年我国步入人口老龄化社会。养老问题成为影响经济社会可持续发展的重要课题之一,也是关系到社会稳定的基本要素。截至2015年底,我国60岁及以上老年人口已达到2.22亿,占总人口的16.1%,较2010年分别增加0.43亿和提高2.8个百分点;其中,65岁及以上老年人口数量和比重分别为1.44亿和10.5%,较2010年分别增加0.24亿人和1.6个百分点。养老问题面临越来越严峻的形势。目前,我国老年人养老主要以由家庭提供日常照料和精神慰藉为主要方式。但随着家庭的核心化、小型化以及生活观念的转变,养老方式日益多样化,一些新型养老方式初步形成并发展,同时也面临诸多困难。长春市南关区60岁及以上人口占总人口比重已经超过18%,老年人口数量不断增长。为了满足老年人口养老需求,长春市南关区政府积极探索,逐步形成了以机构养老、居家养老和社区养老为主并共同发展的养老方式。近年来,南关区在养老服务方面的探索取得了一定的成效,为老年人口提供了更加多样化和人性化的养老服务,但在实践中仍存在专业性差、发展不均衡、未能形成产业化发展等问题。为进一步完善养老服务体系建设,不断提高南关区养老服务水平,南关区政府做了很多尝试和探索,形成了一定的经验。结合目前的发展状况以及未来发展面临的形势,本文认为,南关区应将提高机构养老的专业性和标准化,以及社区居家养老系统化作为主要发展方向,并以政府的角色定位、社会组织的引入以及智慧化体系建设等方面为重点逐步解决养老服务中存在的主要问题。
[Abstract]:In 2000, China stepped into an aging society. Pension problem has become one of the most important issues affecting the sustainable development of economy and society, and it is also a basic factor related to social stability. By the end of 2015, the elderly population aged 60 and above had reached 222 million, accounting for 16.1 percent of the total population, an increase of 43 million percentage points and 2.8 percentage points respectively compared with 2010; The number and proportion of the elderly aged 65 and above were 144 million and 10.5 respectively, 24 million and 1.6 percentage points higher than in 2010 respectively. The pension problem is facing a more and more serious situation. At present, the elderly in China mainly provide daily care and spiritual comfort by the family as the main way. However, with the core of family, miniaturization and the change of life concept, the old-age way is becoming more and more diversified, some new old-age ways have been formed and developed, at the same time, they are also facing many difficulties. The proportion of population aged 60 and above in the total population in Nanguan District of Changchun City has exceeded 18%, and the number of the elderly population has been increasing. In order to meet the needs of the aged, the government of Nanguan District of Changchun has been actively exploring, and gradually formed the old-age support mode, which is mainly based on institutional pension, home old-age care and community old-age support, and developed together. In recent years, the exploration of the old-age service in Nanguan District has made some achievements, providing more diversified and humanized old-age service for the elderly population. However, in practice, there are still some problems, such as poor specialization and uneven development. Failed to form industrialization development and other problems. In order to further improve the construction of old-age service system and improve the level of old-age service in Nanguan District, the government of Nanguan District has made a lot of attempts and explorations, and has formed certain experience. Combined with the current development situation and the future development situation, this paper holds that the Nanguan District should take the improvement of the specialization and standardization of institutional pension and the systematization of community home pension as the main development direction, and the role of the government should be taken as the orientation. The introduction of social organization and the construction of intelligent system are the key points to solve the main problems in the old-age service step by step.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D669.6

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