城市中高龄独居老人自理能力与社区养老服务依赖性分析

发布时间：2018-09-06 09:00

【摘要】：随着人均预期寿命的提高,中高龄独居老人数量及所占比例不断增长。本文通过对上海、广州、成都、大连和呼和浩特五个城市2801份样本进行参数估计和归因分析,结果表明:生活自理能力变量对于中高龄老人社区养老依赖性具有显著影响。控制变量中的年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、心理健康、身体健康和是否患有重大疾病也都表现出显著影响。具体来看,受个体特征影响,年龄越大、文化程度越高、心理越感到孤单、自评健康越差以及患有重大疾病的老人更倾向利用社区养老服务支持。自理能力强者少依赖社区养老生活服务,自理能力差者多依赖社区养老生活服务;自理能力强者多依赖社区养老文化服务,自理能力差者少依赖社区养老文化服务。然而,单独从年龄来看,生理年龄与社区养老服务依赖性之间不存在显著影响。本文建议各级政府加强对社区老年人的自理能力动态评估,以自理能力而不是老年人生理年龄作为辖区内社区养老服务提供的依据。
[Abstract]:With the increase of life expectancy, the number and proportion of the elderly living alone is increasing. Based on the parameter estimation and attribution analysis of 2801 samples from Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Dalian and Hohhot, the results show that the variables of self-care ability have a significant impact on the dependency of the elderly in the community. Control variables such as age, marital status, education, mental health, physical health, and the presence of major diseases also had significant effects. Specifically, influenced by individual characteristics, the older the age, the higher the education level, the more lonely the psychology is, the worse the self-rated health is and the more the elderly who suffer from major diseases tend to make use of the community old-age service support. Those with strong self-care ability rely less on community old-age care services, those with poor self-care ability rely on community old-age care services, those with strong self-care ability rely on community old-age cultural services, and those with poor self-care ability rely less on community old-age cultural services. However, in terms of age alone, there is no significant effect between physiological age and community pension service dependency. This paper suggests that the governments at all levels should strengthen the dynamic assessment of the self-care ability of the elderly in the community and take the self-care ability rather than the physiological age of the elderly as the basis for the provision of community old-age care services.
【作者单位】：上海应用技术大学人文学院;华东师范大学公共管理学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金重大项目“未来十年我国城市老年人口居家养老保障体系研究”(项目号12&ZD212);国家社科基金一般项目“大数据背景下我国老年长期照护分级机制及其动态系统均衡研究”(项目号15BGL150)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D669.6

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