城市老年人信息需求与服务保障研究

发布时间：2018-09-07 13:22

【摘要】：20243万的老年人口,这在我国历史上是前所未有的高峰值。且增长的趋势在未来的20年之内将始终保持。2亿多老年人希望可以共享社会发展的成果,但工业化、信息化、城镇化和农业现代化不同经济和社会发展形态共存的现实环境造成了老年人与社会的“信息鸿沟”,阻碍了老年人对社会资源与服务的有效利用。要消除老年人与社会的“信息鸿沟”,有效满足老年人的生活与发展需求,需要明确老年人的信息需求和服务现况。本文在调查研究的基础上,对城市老年人信息需求与服务保障问题进行了探讨。研究分七章。第一章对主题领域的研究背景进行了介绍,指出研究意义,并明确研究对象,对相关概念进行界定,对本领域研究现状进行分析评述之后,提出本文的研究问题、研究思路、研究方法和创新之处。第二章对城市老年人信息需求与服务的相关理论基础进行梳理,分析社会建构、社会支持与隔离、圆周生活等老年学相关理论,马斯洛的需求层次论等需求理论对城市老年人信息需求研究的理论支撑；涵化理论、沉默的螺旋理论和“信息贫困”等信息效用理论对老年人信息服务效用研究的理论指导,归纳对老年人的信息需求和服务进行研究的理论思路。第三章通过小规模个人访谈与大面积问卷调研,对老年人信息需求的现状予以揭示。分析老年人信息需求的具体内容、特点、信息需求的影响因素等,并对老年人不同层次信息需求的满足途径与满足程度进行研究,为后面信息服务研究奠定基础。第四章基于文献调研和田野观察的研究方法,分别从广播电视信息传播服务、文献信息提供服务、网络信息服务、老年人服务机构信息服务和其他相关机构提供的信息服务五个方面对老年人信息服务现状进行了探究。从广播电视信息传播服务来看,虽然老年人是广播电视等电子媒介的稳定受众,但当前广播电视节目与老年人的信息需求之间存在较大差距。从文献信息提供服务来看,公共图书馆的免费文献信息服务存在图书老化、馆藏更新不及时、易获取性差等问题；发行量较大的党报和都市报对老年人的报道力度欠缺,老年专业报纸因自身的内容单一和外部经营等问题生存艰难。网络信息服务方面,政府部门主办的老年人门户网站信息内容可靠性较高,非政府部门老年人网站信息内容与总体建设水平参差不齐。老龄委办公室和老年大学是政府设置的专门的老年人服务机构,前者主要搜集老年群体信息并以文件形式向相关部门传达老龄工作建议,后者主要为老年人提供知识传授服务和信息交流场地；居家养老信息服务中心为老年人提供订餐、家政、物业维修等信息中介服务。就其他为老服务机构提供的信息服务而言,社区老年服务主要是信息收集与传递服务。第三方组织发起的老年人公益项目为老年人提供了医疗、心理健康、信息工具使用等方面的信息服务。第五章基于城市老年人信息需求和信息服务现状调研的结果,提出应重视面向老年人信息需求的信息资源组织工作。对老年人信息资源组织的目标和原则进行了分析,并从注重专题数据库建设、开展分众化信息资源组织与加强网络信息服务三个方面对信息资源组织工作重点分别进行了阐述。第六章结合前几章的理论分析与调研结论,论述了我国城市老年人信息服务保障体系构建问题。城市老年人信息服务保障体系包括信息服务保障体系和信息服务体系运行机制两大部分。服务保障体系是城市老年人信息服务主体有机衔接的基础,服务保障机制是服务体系中各组成部分的结构及其运行原理。城市老年人信息服务保障体系建设包括信息基础设施建设和信息服务主体建设,信息服务保障机制包括政府、市场和群体三大机制。第七章对研究内容进行总结和归纳,指出本研究的结论和贡献,并说明研究的不足和未来研究的方向。
[Abstract]:This is an unprecedented peak in the history of our country, and the trend of growth will always be maintained in the next 20 years. More than 120 million elderly people hope to share the fruits of social development. However, industrialization, informationization, urbanization and agricultural modernization coexist in different forms of economic and social development caused by the realistic environment. The "information gap" between the elderly and society hinders the effective use of social resources and services by the elderly. To eliminate the "information gap" between the elderly and society and effectively meet their needs for life and development, it is necessary to clarify the information needs and service status of the elderly. The first chapter introduces the research background of the subject area, points out the research significance, defines the research object, defines the related concepts, analyzes and comments the research status in this field, and then puts forward the research questions, research ideas, research methods and creation of this paper. In the second chapter, the author sorts out the relevant theoretical basis of the information needs and services of the urban elderly, analyzes the theoretical support of the theory of social construction, social support and isolation, circular life and other gerontological theories, Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory for the study of the information needs of the urban elderly; the theory of assimilation, the spiral of silence. In the third chapter, through small-scale personal interviews and large-scale questionnaires, the status quo of the elderly's information needs is revealed. The information needs of the elderly are analyzed. The specific content, characteristics, influencing factors of information demand, and the way to meet the different levels of information needs of the elderly and the degree of satisfaction are studied to lay the foundation for future information service research. This paper probes into the present situation of the elderly's information service from five aspects: service, network information service, service organization for the aged and other relevant organizations'information service. There is a big gap between the demand for information. From the point of view of the service provided by literature information, the free literature information service of public libraries has some problems, such as the aging of books, the improper updating of Library collections, and the poor accessibility; the large circulation of Party newspapers and urban newspapers lack of coverage of the elderly; the elderly professional newspapers because of their own monotonous and external content. In the aspect of network information service, the reliability of the information content of the elderly portal website sponsored by the government department is higher, and the information content of the elderly website of the non-governmental department is uneven with the overall construction level. Collect the information of the aged group and transmit the suggestions of the aged work to the relevant departments in the form of documents. The latter mainly provides the knowledge-imparting service and the place of information exchange for the aged. The home-based pension information service center provides the information intermediary services such as ordering, housekeeping and property maintenance for the aged. The public welfare project for the elderly sponsored by a third party organization provides information services on medical care, mental health and the use of information tools for the elderly. This paper analyzes the objectives and principles of the organization of information resources for the elderly, and expounds the focal points of the organization of information resources from three aspects: paying attention to the construction of thematic databases, carrying out the organization of diversified information resources and strengthening the network information services. Based on the analysis and investigation, this paper discusses the construction of the information service guarantee system for the urban elderly in China. The information service guarantee system for the urban elderly includes two parts: the information service guarantee system and the operation mechanism of the information service system. The construction of urban elderly information service security system includes information infrastructure construction and information service subject construction, and the information service security mechanism includes three major mechanisms: government, market and group. And contribution, and explain the shortage of research and the direction of future research.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D669.6;G358

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