民主化以来委内瑞拉政党制度的变迁

发布时间：2018-09-08 21:48

【摘要】：民主化以来委内瑞拉政党制度经历了从多党制到两党制、再到主导党制的演变。20世纪50年代末到60年代的委内瑞拉政党制度接近于极化多党制;七八十年代,委内瑞拉政党制度体现出鲜明的两党制特征;90年代,委内瑞拉政党体系表现出某些极化多党制的特征,但并未形成稳定的多党架构;90年代末以来的委内瑞拉政党制度接近于主导党制,同时反对党联盟的反体制色彩明显。受国际油价直接影响的经济荣衰是半个多世纪以来委内瑞拉政党制度变迁的重要推动力量。2014年以来,国际油价剧降使委内瑞拉经济再陷困境,马杜罗政府的执政合法性受到冲击,反对派阵营和执政阵营的实力消长成为委内瑞拉政党政治发展趋势的最大变数。
[Abstract]:Since democratization, the Venezuelan political party system has experienced an evolution from the multi-party system to the two-party system, and then to the dominant party.The Venezuelan political party system in the late 1950s and 1960s was close to polarized multiparty system; in the 1970s and 1980s, The Venezuelan political party system embodies the distinctive characteristics of the two-party system. In the 1990s, the Venezuelan political party system showed some characteristics of polarized multiparty system. However, it has not formed a stable multi-party structure. Since the late 1990s, the Venezuelan political party system has been close to the dominant party system, and the anti-system color of the opposition coalition is obvious. The rise and fall of the economy directly affected by the international oil price has been an important driving force in Venezuela's political party system changes for more than half a century. Since 2014, the sharp drop in international oil prices has brought the Venezuelan economy back into trouble. The legitimacy of Maduro's government is under attack, and the strength of opposition camp and ruling camp has become the biggest variable of the political development trend of Venezuelan political party.
【作者单位】：西南科技大学拉美研究中心;
【基金】：2016—2017年度教育部国别和区域研究指向性课题“中拉命运共同体研究”(项目编号:17GBQY121)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D777.4

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