中国特色生态文明建设实践研究
发布时间：2018-10-24 21:09
【摘要】：生态文明建设是中国特色社会主义事业的重要组成部分,关系人民福祉,关乎民族未来,事关“两个一百年”奋斗目标和中华民族伟大复兴中国梦的实现。过去几十年,中国经济快速发展,创造了举世瞩目的“中国奇迹”,人民群众普遍富裕起来。但是粗放的发展方式,使我们在资源环境方面付出沉重代价。从总体上看,我国的生态文明建设水平仍滞后于经济社会发展,环境污染严重,资源约束趋紧,生态系统退化,发展与人口资源环境之间的矛盾日益突出,成为经济社会可持续发展的重大瓶颈。生态环境问题的产生,归根结底是人类不合理的生产方式和生活方式,超出了自然资源的支撑能力与自然环境的承载容量,这必然会导致生态环境不断恶化、自然资源面临枯竭等严重问题。如果我们要想解决所面临的生态危机,就必须改变现今不合理的生活方式,比以往更加爱护人类依赖生存的生态环境。自党的十八大首次确立了“美丽中国”的建设目标,并将生态文明置于“五位一体”的总布局战略地位,生态文明在国家建设和发展中的作用也不断凸现出来。十八届五中全会中,习近平系统的论述了创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的“五大发展理念”,强调既要“绿色”,又要“发展”,没有发展,也就不能实现绿色发展。因此,中国特色生态文明建设要紧紧围绕“五位一体”的战略布局统筹协调,协同推进新型工业化、信息化、农业化现代化、城镇化和绿色化建设,将生态文明建设体现在政治、经济、文化和社会建设的各个方面和全过程。生态文明建设还需坚持“五大发展理念”中的绿色发展,关键在于实现生活方式和消费模式向绿色低碳、勤俭节约和健康文明的方向转变,形成一种弘扬生态文明主流的价值观念,营造一种人人、事事、时时的崇尚生态文明的社会氛围,为生态文明建设打下坚实基础。我国的生态文明建设虽然取得了重大进展,但依旧是跟不上经济社会发展的脚步,“千里霾笼,万里尘飘”成为民生之患,治理生态环境既是执政考验,又是发展课题。所以,只能下定决心、深化改革,打赢这场没有退路的生态攻坚战。本文以中国特色生态文明建设实践研究为题,共分为7个部分进行研究,具体如下:第1章,绪论。选题背景与研究意义、国内外研究综述、研究思路与方法、创新点与不足。第2章,生态文明建设概述。主要介绍了生态文明建设的内涵、特征和意义,并认为生态文明建设具有以下意义:建设美丽中国的必由之路、推进低碳发展的根本保障、发展方式转型的必然要求、责任大国需要履行的责任和文明形态升级的必然途径。第3章,生态文明建设的理论基础。首先,介绍了马克思主义经典作家中马克思、恩格斯和列宁的生态文明思想;其次,总结了中国化马克思主义者中毛泽东、邓小平、江泽民、胡锦涛和习近平的生态文明思想;再次,分别论述了中国传统文化中儒家、道家和佛家的生态文明思想;最后,介绍了福斯特、奥康纳、阿格尔和莱易斯四位生态学马克思主义者的生态文明思想。这为本文研究中国特色生态文明建设提供了强有力的理论支撑。第4章,中国特色生态文明建设的现状。一方面,总结了中国特色生态文明建设取得的成绩:环境保护工作开展顺利、整体环境质量有所改善和生态文化理念深入人心;另一方面,提出了生态文明建设存在的几点问题:环境总体恶化趋势尚未根本改变、干部考核评价体系尚未根本完善、执法监管责任尚未根本落实、经济发展方式尚未根本转变。在此基础上,提出了存在问题的原因分析:生态环境基础较为薄弱、生态经济发展简单粗放、公民生态文明意识淡薄、国际环境合作机制不健全。第5章,中国特色生态文明建设的典型模式。本章将中国特色生态文明建设的具体实践工程进行整理与归纳,总结出具有中国特色生态文明建设的典型实践模式:新农村生态建设实践模式、京津冀风沙源治理工程实践模式、“三北”防护林工程实践模式和鄱阳湖生态经济区实践模式,并系统的论述了各个典型模式的由来、特点及实践价值。第6章,发达国家生态文明建设的政策措施及经验借鉴。本章在介绍美国、日本和德国生态文明建设的政策措施基础上,总结出有益于我国生态文明建设的几点经验借鉴。其中包括:积极推进环境教育、大力发展循环经济、立法先行的治理环境和重视科学技术的发展。第7章,推进中国特色生态文明建设的对策思考。基于对中国特色生态文明建设的以上分析,提出了推进中国特色生态文明建设的五点对策思考,合理开发和利用国土空间、加强生态文明制度建设、转变经济发展方式、建设良好社会风尚和加强国际生态合作。
[Abstract]:Ecological civilization construction is an important component of socialism with Chinese characteristics. It concerns the well-being of the people and concerns the future of the nation. "Two hundred years" The goal is the realization of the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Over the past few decades, the rapid development of China's economy has created a new era The Chinese Miracle The masses of the people are generally well-off. But the way of development has made us pay a heavy price in the resource environment. Generally speaking, the level of ecological civilization construction in China lags behind the economic and social development, the environmental pollution is serious, the resource constraints are tight, the ecosystem degradation, the development and the population resource environment are becoming more and more outstanding, and become the major bottleneck of the sustainable development of the economy and society. The generation of ecological environment problems, in the final analysis, is the unreasonable production mode and way of life, which exceeds the supporting capacity of natural resources and the bearing capacity of the natural environment, which inevitably leads to the deterioration of the ecological environment and the exhaustion of natural resources. If we want to solve the ecological crisis we face, we must change today's unreasonable way of living, and care more about the ecological environment that human beings depend on to survive. The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was established for the first time" Beautiful China "Build the goal and place the ecological civilization in" Five Dynasties" The strategic position of the overall layout and the role of ecological civilization in the construction and development of the country are also highlighted. In the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, Xi Jinping systematically discussed innovation, coordination, green, open and shared. "Five development ideas" Emphasize that it is necessary to" Green "-I'm going to go." Development "Without development, green development cannot be achieved. Therefore, the construction of ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics should be around the world." Five Dynasties" The strategic layout is coordinated and coordinated, and the new industrialization, information, agricultural modernization, urbanization and green construction are jointly promoted, and ecological civilization construction is embodied in various aspects and processes of political, economic, cultural and social construction. The construction of ecological civilization needs to be adhered to "Five development ideas" The key to green development in the middle is to realize the change of life style and consumption mode to green, low carbon, thrifty and healthy civilization, form a value that carries forward the mainstream of ecological civilization, create a social atmosphere for everyone, everything and always advocate the ecological civilization, lay a solid foundation for ecological civilization construction. Although significant progress has been made in the construction of ecological civilization in our country, it is still unable to keep up with the pace of economic and social development." Wanli haze cage, Wanli dust floating "To become the people's livelihood, the ecological environment is both the ruling test and the development subject. Therefore, we can only resolve to deepen the reform and win the ecological siege without retreat. This paper, based on the practice of ecological civilization construction in China, is divided into 7 parts, which are as follows: Chapter 1, Introduction. The background and significance of the topic selection, the research summary at home and abroad, the research thought and method, the innovation point and the deficiency. Chapter 2, Overview of Ecological Civilization Construction. It mainly introduces the connotation, characteristics and significance of ecological civilization construction, and holds that the construction of ecological civilization has the following meanings: the only way to build beautiful China is to promote the basic guarantee of low carbon development and the inevitable requirement of the transformation of development mode. The responsibility of the responsible big country needs to fulfill the responsibility and the inevitable way to upgrade the civilization form. Chapter 3, the theoretical foundation of ecological civilization construction. First, this paper introduces the ecological civilization thought of Marx, Engels and Lenin in the Marxist classical writers; secondly, it sums up the ecological civilization thought of Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin, Hu Jintao and Xi Jinping in Sinicized Marxist; again, This paper discusses the ecological civilization thought of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism in Chinese traditional culture. This paper provides a strong theoretical support for the study of ecological civilization construction of Chinese characteristics. Chapter 4, the present situation of ecological civilization construction of Chinese characteristics. On the one hand, the achievements of ecological civilization construction in China are summarized: the work of environmental protection is smooth, the overall environmental quality has improved and the concept of ecological culture is deeply rooted; on the other hand, some problems existing in ecological civilization construction are put forward: The overall vicious trend of environment has not changed fundamentally, the evaluation system of cadre assessment has not been improved at all, the responsibility of law enforcement supervision has not been implemented at all, and the way of economic development has not changed fundamentally. On this basis, the author puts forward the cause analysis of the problem: the ecological environment foundation is weak, the eco-economic development is simple and extensive, the citizen's ecological civilization consciousness is clear, and the international environmental cooperation mechanism is not perfect. Chapter 5, the typical model of ecological civilization construction in China. In this chapter, the concrete practical engineering of Chinese characteristic ecological civilization construction is sorted and summarized, and the typical practice mode of ecological civilization construction with Chinese characteristics is summarized." Three North "The practical model of shelterbelt project and the practice model of lake eco-economic zone are discussed, and the origin, characteristics and practical value of each typical model are discussed systematically. Chapter 6, the policy measures and experiences of ecological civilization construction in developed countries. On the basis of introducing the policy measures of eco-civilization construction in America, Japan and Germany, this chapter sums up some experiences for the construction of ecological civilization in China. It includes: actively promoting environmental education, vigorously developing circular economy, legislation leading environment and attaching importance to the development of science and technology. Chapter 7, the countermeasures to promote the construction of ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics. Based on the above analysis of the construction of ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics, the paper puts forward five countermeasures to promote the construction of ecological civilization of Chinese characteristics, rationally develop and utilize the land space, strengthen the construction of ecological civilization system and transform the way of economic development. Build good social customs and strengthen international ecological cooperation.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：X321;D61
，
本文编号：2292562
[Abstract]:Ecological civilization construction is an important component of socialism with Chinese characteristics. It concerns the well-being of the people and concerns the future of the nation. "Two hundred years" The goal is the realization of the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Over the past few decades, the rapid development of China's economy has created a new era The Chinese Miracle The masses of the people are generally well-off. But the way of development has made us pay a heavy price in the resource environment. Generally speaking, the level of ecological civilization construction in China lags behind the economic and social development, the environmental pollution is serious, the resource constraints are tight, the ecosystem degradation, the development and the population resource environment are becoming more and more outstanding, and become the major bottleneck of the sustainable development of the economy and society. The generation of ecological environment problems, in the final analysis, is the unreasonable production mode and way of life, which exceeds the supporting capacity of natural resources and the bearing capacity of the natural environment, which inevitably leads to the deterioration of the ecological environment and the exhaustion of natural resources. If we want to solve the ecological crisis we face, we must change today's unreasonable way of living, and care more about the ecological environment that human beings depend on to survive. The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was established for the first time" Beautiful China "Build the goal and place the ecological civilization in" Five Dynasties" The strategic position of the overall layout and the role of ecological civilization in the construction and development of the country are also highlighted. In the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, Xi Jinping systematically discussed innovation, coordination, green, open and shared. "Five development ideas" Emphasize that it is necessary to" Green "-I'm going to go." Development "Without development, green development cannot be achieved. Therefore, the construction of ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics should be around the world." Five Dynasties" The strategic layout is coordinated and coordinated, and the new industrialization, information, agricultural modernization, urbanization and green construction are jointly promoted, and ecological civilization construction is embodied in various aspects and processes of political, economic, cultural and social construction. The construction of ecological civilization needs to be adhered to "Five development ideas" The key to green development in the middle is to realize the change of life style and consumption mode to green, low carbon, thrifty and healthy civilization, form a value that carries forward the mainstream of ecological civilization, create a social atmosphere for everyone, everything and always advocate the ecological civilization, lay a solid foundation for ecological civilization construction. Although significant progress has been made in the construction of ecological civilization in our country, it is still unable to keep up with the pace of economic and social development." Wanli haze cage, Wanli dust floating "To become the people's livelihood, the ecological environment is both the ruling test and the development subject. Therefore, we can only resolve to deepen the reform and win the ecological siege without retreat. This paper, based on the practice of ecological civilization construction in China, is divided into 7 parts, which are as follows: Chapter 1, Introduction. The background and significance of the topic selection, the research summary at home and abroad, the research thought and method, the innovation point and the deficiency. Chapter 2, Overview of Ecological Civilization Construction. It mainly introduces the connotation, characteristics and significance of ecological civilization construction, and holds that the construction of ecological civilization has the following meanings: the only way to build beautiful China is to promote the basic guarantee of low carbon development and the inevitable requirement of the transformation of development mode. The responsibility of the responsible big country needs to fulfill the responsibility and the inevitable way to upgrade the civilization form. Chapter 3, the theoretical foundation of ecological civilization construction. First, this paper introduces the ecological civilization thought of Marx, Engels and Lenin in the Marxist classical writers; secondly, it sums up the ecological civilization thought of Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin, Hu Jintao and Xi Jinping in Sinicized Marxist; again, This paper discusses the ecological civilization thought of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism in Chinese traditional culture. This paper provides a strong theoretical support for the study of ecological civilization construction of Chinese characteristics. Chapter 4, the present situation of ecological civilization construction of Chinese characteristics. On the one hand, the achievements of ecological civilization construction in China are summarized: the work of environmental protection is smooth, the overall environmental quality has improved and the concept of ecological culture is deeply rooted; on the other hand, some problems existing in ecological civilization construction are put forward: The overall vicious trend of environment has not changed fundamentally, the evaluation system of cadre assessment has not been improved at all, the responsibility of law enforcement supervision has not been implemented at all, and the way of economic development has not changed fundamentally. On this basis, the author puts forward the cause analysis of the problem: the ecological environment foundation is weak, the eco-economic development is simple and extensive, the citizen's ecological civilization consciousness is clear, and the international environmental cooperation mechanism is not perfect. Chapter 5, the typical model of ecological civilization construction in China. In this chapter, the concrete practical engineering of Chinese characteristic ecological civilization construction is sorted and summarized, and the typical practice mode of ecological civilization construction with Chinese characteristics is summarized." Three North "The practical model of shelterbelt project and the practice model of lake eco-economic zone are discussed, and the origin, characteristics and practical value of each typical model are discussed systematically. Chapter 6, the policy measures and experiences of ecological civilization construction in developed countries. On the basis of introducing the policy measures of eco-civilization construction in America, Japan and Germany, this chapter sums up some experiences for the construction of ecological civilization in China. It includes: actively promoting environmental education, vigorously developing circular economy, legislation leading environment and attaching importance to the development of science and technology. Chapter 7, the countermeasures to promote the construction of ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics. Based on the above analysis of the construction of ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics, the paper puts forward five countermeasures to promote the construction of ecological civilization of Chinese characteristics, rationally develop and utilize the land space, strengthen the construction of ecological civilization system and transform the way of economic development. Build good social customs and strengthen international ecological cooperation.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：X321;D61
，
本文编号：2292562
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