构建上海立体养老模式研究
发布时间：2018-11-28 10:17
【摘要】：依据国际通用的衡量标准,上海早已于1979年便步入了老龄化社会的行列。但上海人口老化速度快、老年人口数量大、未富先老、养老观念落后等特征明显,此番种种原因累加起来使得上海的养老压力尤为沉重。与此同时,随着相关政策的逐步颁布与落实,再加之上海经济的快速发展,使得上海家庭的规模日趋小型化已是不争的事实,这一变化渐渐削弱了传统家庭养老在上海老年人养老中的地位。中国素来秉承孝道,对家庭养老有自己的坚持,但在当今社会大背景下,家庭养老的弱化已经是一个不得不直面的现实了,由此养老问题已经成为上海面临的一个及其严峻的社会问题。如何养老,选择何种养老模式,老年人需要什么样的养老模式,凡此种种,引起了学术界的广泛关注。因此,研究上海老年人的实际养老意愿,找出维持和提高老年人口生活质量且合理的替代性养老模式具有科学意义和现实意义。本文从上海养老模式的历程演变入手,分析上海社会大发展的背景下,需求变化、家庭变化、经济变化下养老模式的现实难点,然后再通过对上海老年人的养老意向进行问卷调查,分析找寻出上海老年人在不同年龄层、不同经济基础和不同身体状况下对养老的不同选择与需求,得出在上海实施立体养老模式的结论和支撑体系。具体来说,本文共分为七个部分:第一部分,导论,本文的绪论部分。首先阐述本文选题的现实背景,从而提出问题,进而从理论和实际分析选题的意义,根据选题,对已有的相关国内外文献进行梳理归纳,并简单述评,对相关概念进行概述与分类。第二部分,上海老年人口养老模式现状分析,本文大背景,分析上海老年人口养老现实,指出无论是生活照料、经济支持还是精神慰藉上由家庭提供的在家养老功能的弱化、养老模式日益社会化及多元化社会改革进步中的转变。第三部分,对国外相对成熟的城市养老模式进行国际借鉴,为下文提出合理的养老模式提供一定的经验借鉴。第四部分,上海养老模式构建的客观现实,即老年人口分层分析。结合数据分析出上海老年人口规模大、家庭结构向纯老家庭发展、经济实力差别大、身体状况不同等特点,按照一定的社会分层标准,对上海老年人口进行预分层,为下文上海立体养老模式的提出提供理论基础。第五部分,实地调研数据分析,通过问卷调查的数据进行有序Probit模型的估计分析,找寻出上海老年人口中个人特征、健康状况、经济状况、养老思想、家庭支持及社会支持六个方面对老年人养老模式选择的影响。第六部分,上海养老模式的路径选择,本文的对策部分,立足于当前上海养老模式的困境,通过基于老人养老意愿分析得出的老年人选择养老模式的影响因素,建立符合上海实际情况的立体养老模式。第七部分,结论与政策建议,本文的结论部分。本文的创新点在于构建了以社区内辅助养老设施配合居家养老服务的社区养老,与包含传统机构养老配合新型养老社区在内的机构养老,两者相结合的,以社会化养老模式为主,传统在家养老为辅的“双轨多管多元化”的全方位立体养老模式。构建全方位,360度覆盖上海各年龄层,各需求层老年人口,做到低端有保障、中端有供给、高端有市场的分阶段,分梯度,多内容,多元化的立体养老模式。
[Abstract]:Shanghai has already entered the ranks of the aging society in 1979, according to the international standard of measurement. However, the aging rate of Shanghai's population is fast, the number of old people's mouth is large, the old age is not rich, the concept of the old-age is backward, and so on, it has been accumulated for a variety of reasons, so that the pressure of the old-age pension in Shanghai is particularly heavy. At the same time, with the gradual promulgation and implementation of the relevant policies and the rapid development of Shanghai's economy, the size of Shanghai's family is becoming smaller and smaller, which has gradually weakened the status of the traditional family pension in the old age of the elderly in Shanghai. In the background of today's society, the weakening of the family's pension is a reality that has to face the face, and the old-age problem has become one of the most serious social problems facing Shanghai. How to support the old-age, choose the old-age model, the old age needs the old-age mode, all this kind of, has aroused the extensive attention of the academic circle. Therefore, it is of scientific significance and practical significance to study the actual old-age will of the elderly in Shanghai, to find out how to maintain and improve the quality of life of the old people and to make a rational alternative to the old-age model. Based on the evolution of Shanghai's old-age model, this paper analyzes the realistic difficulties of the old-age model under the background of the development of Shanghai's social development, the change of demand, the change of the family and the change of the economy, and then through the questionnaire survey of the old-age intention of the elderly in Shanghai, The paper analyzes the different choices and needs of the elderly in Shanghai in different age groups, different economic bases and different physical conditions, and draws the conclusion and support system of the three-dimensional pension model in Shanghai. In particular, this paper is divided into seven parts: the first part, the introduction, the introduction part of this paper. First of all, this paper expounds the realistic background of the subject, and puts forward the question, and then analyzes the meaning of the topic from the theory and the practical analysis. According to the selected topic, the existing domestic and foreign documents are summarized and summarized, and the relevant concepts are summarized and classified. The second part, the analysis of the current situation of the old-age-care model of the elderly in Shanghai, analyzes the reality of the old-age pension for the elderly in Shanghai, and points out that both the living care, the economic support and the spiritual comfort are weakened by the home-care function provided by the family. The old-age mode is becoming more and more social and the change in the progress of the multi-social reform. The third part, on the basis of the international reference for the relatively mature urban old-age model in the foreign countries, provides some experience for providing the reasonable old-age model. The fourth part, the objective reality of the construction of the Shanghai old-age model, that is, the hierarchical analysis of the old people's mouth. in combination with that data analysis, the large scale of the elderly in Shanghai, the development of the family structure to the pure and old family, the great difference of the economic strength, the different physical condition and the like, pre-layering the mouth of the Shanghai old people according to a certain social stratification standard, The paper provides a theoretical basis for the development of Shanghai's three-dimensional pension model. The fifth part, the field investigation data analysis, through the data of the questionnaire to carry on the estimation and analysis of the ordered Probit model, find out the individual character, the health condition, the economic situation and the old-age thought in the old people's mouth in Shanghai, The impact of the six aspects of family support and social support on the choice of the old-age model of the elderly. The sixth part, the choice of the path of Shanghai's old-age model, the countermeasure part of this article, based on the current situation of the current Shanghai old-age model, through the old-age pension will analyze the influence factor of the old-age model, establish the three-dimensional old-age model in conformity with the actual situation in Shanghai. The seventh part, conclusion and policy suggestion, the conclusion part of this paper. The innovation point of this paper is to construct the community-based old-age pension which is based on the community-aided old-age facilities and the home-based pension service, and it is combined with the old-age-care institutions, including the traditional institutions for the old-age support and the new-type old-age-care community, and the social-old-age mode is the main part. The comprehensive three-dimensional old-age mode of the 鈥渄ouble-track multi-tube diversification鈥，
本文编号：2362554
[Abstract]:Shanghai has already entered the ranks of the aging society in 1979, according to the international standard of measurement. However, the aging rate of Shanghai's population is fast, the number of old people's mouth is large, the old age is not rich, the concept of the old-age is backward, and so on, it has been accumulated for a variety of reasons, so that the pressure of the old-age pension in Shanghai is particularly heavy. At the same time, with the gradual promulgation and implementation of the relevant policies and the rapid development of Shanghai's economy, the size of Shanghai's family is becoming smaller and smaller, which has gradually weakened the status of the traditional family pension in the old age of the elderly in Shanghai. In the background of today's society, the weakening of the family's pension is a reality that has to face the face, and the old-age problem has become one of the most serious social problems facing Shanghai. How to support the old-age, choose the old-age model, the old age needs the old-age mode, all this kind of, has aroused the extensive attention of the academic circle. Therefore, it is of scientific significance and practical significance to study the actual old-age will of the elderly in Shanghai, to find out how to maintain and improve the quality of life of the old people and to make a rational alternative to the old-age model. Based on the evolution of Shanghai's old-age model, this paper analyzes the realistic difficulties of the old-age model under the background of the development of Shanghai's social development, the change of demand, the change of the family and the change of the economy, and then through the questionnaire survey of the old-age intention of the elderly in Shanghai, The paper analyzes the different choices and needs of the elderly in Shanghai in different age groups, different economic bases and different physical conditions, and draws the conclusion and support system of the three-dimensional pension model in Shanghai. In particular, this paper is divided into seven parts: the first part, the introduction, the introduction part of this paper. First of all, this paper expounds the realistic background of the subject, and puts forward the question, and then analyzes the meaning of the topic from the theory and the practical analysis. According to the selected topic, the existing domestic and foreign documents are summarized and summarized, and the relevant concepts are summarized and classified. The second part, the analysis of the current situation of the old-age-care model of the elderly in Shanghai, analyzes the reality of the old-age pension for the elderly in Shanghai, and points out that both the living care, the economic support and the spiritual comfort are weakened by the home-care function provided by the family. The old-age mode is becoming more and more social and the change in the progress of the multi-social reform. The third part, on the basis of the international reference for the relatively mature urban old-age model in the foreign countries, provides some experience for providing the reasonable old-age model. The fourth part, the objective reality of the construction of the Shanghai old-age model, that is, the hierarchical analysis of the old people's mouth. in combination with that data analysis, the large scale of the elderly in Shanghai, the development of the family structure to the pure and old family, the great difference of the economic strength, the different physical condition and the like, pre-layering the mouth of the Shanghai old people according to a certain social stratification standard, The paper provides a theoretical basis for the development of Shanghai's three-dimensional pension model. The fifth part, the field investigation data analysis, through the data of the questionnaire to carry on the estimation and analysis of the ordered Probit model, find out the individual character, the health condition, the economic situation and the old-age thought in the old people's mouth in Shanghai, The impact of the six aspects of family support and social support on the choice of the old-age model of the elderly. The sixth part, the choice of the path of Shanghai's old-age model, the countermeasure part of this article, based on the current situation of the current Shanghai old-age model, through the old-age pension will analyze the influence factor of the old-age model, establish the three-dimensional old-age model in conformity with the actual situation in Shanghai. The seventh part, conclusion and policy suggestion, the conclusion part of this paper. The innovation point of this paper is to construct the community-based old-age pension which is based on the community-aided old-age facilities and the home-based pension service, and it is combined with the old-age-care institutions, including the traditional institutions for the old-age support and the new-type old-age-care community, and the social-old-age mode is the main part. The comprehensive three-dimensional old-age mode of the 鈥渄ouble-track multi-tube diversification鈥，
本文编号：2362554
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