哈尔滨市高校社区养老需求与养老模式研究

发布时间：2019-05-17 23:29

【摘要】：计划生育、经济发展等因素导致了哈尔滨市人口老龄化加快,国家统计局数据表明哈尔滨市在1992年就已经进入了老龄化社会(按照国际老龄化标准)。全国第六次人口普查显示,哈尔滨市60岁以上的人口为143万,占住总人口的14.3%。相比较于第五次人口普查,所占比例增加虽然不大,但是60岁以上人口增加了33.4万人,充分说明了哈尔滨市人口老龄化的严重性。高校社区作为我国社区中比较典型的社区之一,特殊的文化背景与人口特点等因素不同程度上影响了高校社区的老龄化和空巢化。论文在分析国内外参考文献的基础上,结合社区养老服务的相关的理论包括:新公共服务理论、需求层次理论、福利多元化理论以及社会嵌入理论,从定量和定性的角度研究高校社区中老年人的养老服务需求与养老服务模式。首先,根据调查问卷和访谈的结论分析得出高校社区养老中存在的问题和高校社区中老年人的特征。通过相关文献的分析研究总结出目前家庭养老、机构养老和社区养老在不同养老服务方面的特征,最后得出社区养老服务的优越性。其次,通过调查问卷的整理得出高校社区中老年人在生活照料、精神慰藉、医疗护理方面的需求。通过数据的交差分析得出影响高校社区养老意愿的因素。同时利用Logistic二元回归分析得出影响社区养老服务的关键因素及模型;最后,建立高校社区养老服务的模式,这其中包括模式的建设的基本框架,模式运行的机制,模式的可行性分析以及模式的供给方案。
[Abstract]:Family planning, economic development and other factors have led to the acceleration of population aging in Harbin. According to the data of the National Bureau of Statistics, Harbin has entered an aging society in 1992 (according to international aging standards). According to the sixth national census, the population over the age of 60 in Harbin is 1.43 million, accounting for 14.3% of the total population. Compared with the fifth census, the proportion of the population over the age of 60 has increased by 334000, which fully illustrates the seriousness of the aging population in Harbin. As one of the typical communities in our country, the special cultural background and population characteristics of the university community affect the aging and empty nesting of the university community to some extent. On the basis of analyzing the references at home and abroad, combined with the related theories of community pension service, this paper includes: new public service theory, demand hierarchy theory, welfare diversification theory and social embedding theory. From the quantitative and qualitative point of view, this paper studies the demand for old-age service and the mode of pension service for the middle-aged and the elderly in the community of colleges and universities. First of all, according to the conclusion of questionnaire and interview, the problems existing in the community pension in colleges and universities and the characteristics of the middle-aged and the elderly in the university community are analyzed. Through the analysis and research of the relevant literature, this paper summarizes the characteristics of family pension, institutional pension and community pension in different pension services, and finally obtains the advantages of community pension service. Secondly, through the collation of questionnaires, the needs of middle-aged and elderly people in college community in life care, spiritual comfort and medical care are obtained. Through the analysis of the intersection of data, the factors that affect the willingness of the community to provide for the aged in colleges and universities are obtained. At the same time, the key factors and models affecting community pension service are obtained by Logistic binary regression analysis. Finally, the model of community pension service in colleges and universities is established, which includes the basic framework of the model construction, the mechanism of mode operation, the feasibility analysis of the model and the supply scheme of the model.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D669.3;D669.6

【参考文献】