哈尔滨市独生子女父母养老模式研究

发布时间：2019-07-04 15:54

【摘要】：1980年,计划生育政策正式在全国范围内推行,到现在已过了 30余年。随着时间的推移,独生子女都长大成人,且他们的父母步入了老年,老龄化变得越来越严重,老龄化家庭数量不断增长,独生子女家庭养老不管在经济上还是心理上、体力上,都面临着巨大的养老压力。其中城市独生子女家庭的养老问题尤其值得关注。和传统家庭进行对比,就独生子女家庭而言,其人口数量相对比较少,规模不大,其应付风险的水平自然也大大的消弱。此外,独生子女家庭大部分多集中在城市,城市独生子女父母在养老方面面临的问题也就更早的显现出来。本文以黑龙江省哈尔滨市为例,以这个城市的独生子女家庭为研究对象,对其父母在养老方面的意愿与需求进行了深入的研究分析,进一步对城市当中的独生子女父母在家庭、社区与机构三种养老模式中所存在的一系列问题进行探讨,同时从国家层面、独生子女及其父母层面、社会层面给出了具体的应对策略。从政策层面给独生子女予以照顾,建立健全涉及独生子女的一些政策规定,形成良好社会风气,进一步健全社区、机构养老机制,鼓励老年者形成自我养老思想观念,并倡导独生子女选择和父母较近的距离居住。以期为解决我国独生子女父母养老方面面临的问题,给出针对性的参考与借鉴。最后,在结合国内外养老模式的经验的基础上,紧紧围绕核心体系、配套措施、辅助政策三个方面对哈尔滨市独生子女父母养老发展做出了全方位、科学的研究分析,在政策层面给出了建立健全哈尔滨市独生子女父母养老的建议,为该市创建这方面的养老保障模式提供理论参考。
[Abstract]:In 1980, the family planning policy was officially launched nationwide, and over 30 years have passed. With the passage of time, only the one-child has grown up, and their parents are in the old age, the aging becomes more and more serious, the number of aging families is increasing, the only-child family pension is financially or psychologically, physically and physically, facing a huge pension pressure. The problem of the old-age of the one-child family of the city is of particular concern. Compared with the traditional family, in the case of the one-child family, the population of the one-child family is relatively small, the scale is not large, and the level of the coping risk is also greatly weakened. In addition, most of the only-child households are concentrated in cities, and the problems faced by the only one-child parents in the old age of the family also appear earlier. Taking the Harbin city as an example, this paper, taking the one-child family of this city as the research object, makes an in-depth study and analysis of the wishes and needs of their parents in the old age, and further study the family of the one-child parents in the city. There are a series of problems in the three-age model of the community and the institution. At the same time, the specific coping strategies are given from the national level, the one-child and the parent level and the social level. Take care of the only child from the policy level, establish and perfect some policy regulations concerning the only child, form a good social atmosphere, further improve the community and institutional care mechanism, and encourage the elderly to form the self-care concept. It also advocates the one-child choice to live close to the parents. The aim of this paper is to provide reference and reference for solving the problems faced by one-child parents in our country. At last, on the basis of combining the experience of the old-age model in home and abroad, the author made an all-round and scientific research and analysis on the old-age development of the one-child parents in Harbin by focusing on the core system, the supporting measures and the auxiliary policy. At the policy level, the author gives the suggestion of establishing and perfecting the old-age pension of the one-child parents in Harbin, and provides the theoretical reference for the city's establishment of the old-age security model in this area.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨商业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D669.6

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