沈阳市政府购买居家养老服务的问题研究

发布时间：2019-07-05 18:45

【摘要】：人口老龄化问题已成为全球性的问题,进而老年人养老问题也成为了现如今重要的民生问题。自独生子女政策实施以后,中国传统的一对父母,众多子女的家庭模式改变,“421”的家庭结构诞生。这无形间给子女照顾老年人带了不小的压力。所以,家庭养老逐步向社区养老转变。而养老院并不是老年人的最佳选择,老年人需要家庭的归属感,不想离开子女太远,所以,需要为老年人提供新型的养老方式,以适应新时代老年人对于养老的需求。近年来,一直强调建设服务型政府的中国,使政府的职能也在不断的转变。政府一手包办的公共事务形式的情况这几年也在不断发生变化。政府以向社会组织购买的形式向市民提供公共服务是沈阳市建设服务型政府的一个新途径。居家养老服务是政府购买公共服务的一个试点。面对中国国情和人口老龄化加重,找到既要满足老年人养老需求,有符合时代发展的新型养老模式,是极为重要的。所以居家养老服务作为结合了家庭养老和机构养老特点的新型养老模式,其顺利推进是保障老年人养老服务的重中之重。沈阳市自实行政府购买居家养老服务以来,处于起步发展阶段。所以还存在政府购买力度不够、法律规定不健全、居家养老服务的监督评估机制不完善和居家养老服务中心缺乏专业化管理等问题。本文旨在通过对政府购买居家养老服务的现状和问题进行分析,对比借鉴国外社区养老的理论成果。结合沈阳市的实际情况,探索出适用于沈阳市老年人养老的方式方法。本文首先相关文献资料进行整理,并结合政府购买公共服务涉及到的相关理论,确立本文的研究视角。其次,从居家养老的理论和概念开始研究,分析沈阳市居家养老服务中实行的政府购买的普遍状况。再次,以美国、英国和日本在社区养老服务应用为研究案例,探究其在推进社会养老过程中取得成功的经验。最后,针对沈阳市从转变政府思想、政府提供公共服务、社会组织承接公共服务三个角度,提出改善沈阳市政府购买公共服务的建议。以求对其他城市的政府购买居家养老服务的实践推进有一定的借鉴作用。
[Abstract]:The problem of aging population has become a global problem, and then the problem of providing for the aged has become an important livelihood issue. Since the implementation of the one-child policy, the family model of a pair of traditional Chinese parents and many children has changed, and the family structure of "421" has been born. This invisible place brings a lot of pressure to the children to take care of the elderly. Therefore, the family pension gradually to the community pension transformation. Nursing home is not the best choice for the elderly. The elderly need the sense of belonging of the family and do not want to be too far away from their children. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new way for the elderly to meet the needs of the elderly in the new era. In recent years, it has been emphasized to build a service-oriented government in China, so that the function of the government is also constantly changing. The form of public affairs arranged by the government has also changed in recent years. It is a new way for Shenyang to build a service-oriented government for the government to provide public services to the public in the form of purchase from social organizations. Home pension service is a pilot for the government to buy public services. In the face of China's national conditions and the aggravation of population aging, it is extremely important to find a new pension model that not only meets the needs of the elderly, but also conforms to the development of the times. Therefore, as a new pension model which combines the characteristics of family pension and institutional pension, the smooth progress of home pension service is the most important to ensure the elderly pension service. Shenyang has been in the initial stage of development since the implementation of the government purchase of home pension services. Therefore, there are still some problems, such as insufficient government purchase, imperfect legal provisions, imperfect supervision and evaluation mechanism of home pension service and lack of professional management of home pension service center. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the present situation and problems of government purchase of home pension services, and to compare and draw lessons from the theoretical results of foreign community pension services. Combined with the actual situation of Shenyang, this paper explores the ways and means suitable for the elderly in Shenyang to provide for the aged. In this paper, first of all, the relevant literature is sorted out, and combined with the relevant theories involved in the purchase of public services by the government, the research perspective of this paper is established. Secondly, starting from the theory and concept of home pension, this paper analyzes the general situation of government purchase in Shenyang home pension service. Thirdly, taking the application of community pension service in the United States, Britain and Japan as a case study, this paper explores its successful experience in the process of promoting social pension. Finally, in view of Shenyang City from the transformation of government thinking, the government to provide public services, social organizations to undertake public services, put forward suggestions to improve the Shenyang municipal government to buy public services. In order to promote the practice of government purchasing home pension services in other cities, it can be used for reference.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D669.6

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