美国与中国对巴基斯坦的经济援助：援助对民意影响的案例研究（2001-2011）
发布时间：2020-12-24 06:57
二战后,经济援助一直是大国外交的主要工具之一。它的目标是在经济上帮助捐助国争取更多的盟友,在（接受国的）人民中培养善意,最终维护捐助国的国家利益。美国和中国这两个大国向亚洲和非洲的较不发达国家提供了数十亿美元的经济援助。在过去十几年中,巴基斯坦也从中美两国得到援助。经济援助在后9·11时代引人注目。巴基斯坦与美国、中国保持着密切的关系,也得到了两国的经济援助。在2001-2011年期间,美国对巴基斯坦的经济援助达到近80亿美元,中国的援助为39亿美元,约为美国的一半。对于华盛顿而言,援助巴基斯坦的明确目标正如美驻伊斯兰堡大使南希·鲍威尔所说:“帮助巴基斯坦加强经济、社会、政治和民主发展”,以及促进两国人民之间“更好的相互理解”。但是在实践中,美国并没有很好达到在巴基斯坦人民中树立良好形象的目标。另一方面,即使中国的经济援助相对于美国而言较少,但它在巴基斯坦群众中的形象却更好。美国著名智库皮尤研究中心在整个巴基斯坦进行了广泛的调查,以衡量2005年起巴基斯坦人民对美国和中国的公众舆论。民意调查结果显示,巴基斯坦公众对于美国的偏好评级较低,而中国的表现要好得多。援助数量与公众舆论之间的这种...
【文章来源】：吉林大学吉林省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直属院校
【文章页数】：164 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
中文摘要
Abstract
Lists of Abbreviations
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 The Puzzle and Research Question
1.2 Literature Review
1.3 Case Selection
1.4 Hypotheis
1.5 Theory
1.6 Methodology and Methods
1.7 Research Significance
1.8 Structure of Thesis
Chapter 2: Theoretical Approach:Constructivism
2.1 Constructivism as A Theoretical Approach
2.2 Dominance of IR by Rationalists
2.3 The Challenge of Critical Theory
2.4 Constructivism: the Middle Ground Between Rationalists and Post Structuralists
2.5 Three Main Schools of Constructivism
2.5.1 Wendt’s Constructivism
2.5.2 Kratochwil’s Constructivism
2.5.3 Onuf’s Constructivism
2.6 Key Principles of Constructivism
2.6.1 The Social Construction of Reality
2.6.2 An Alternative to Materialism
2.6.3 Ideational Structures are as Important as Material Structures
2.6.4 Mutual Constitution of Agents and Structure
2.6.5 The Process of Cognitive Evolution
2.6.6 Multiple Interpretations of Anarchy
Conclusion
Chapter 3: The Setting of Pakistan-US and Pakistan-China Relations （1947-2000）
3.1 Pakistan-U.S. Ties
3.1.1 The Beginning
3.1.2 Military Alliances
3.1.3 The Downturn, 1962-79
3.1.4 The 1960s South Asian Wars and the Widening Gap between US and Pakistan
3.1.5 Ups and Downs of 1970s
3.1.6 Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan and Revival of US-Pakistan Alliance
3.1.7 The Post-Cold War Crisis in Relations
3.2 Pakistan-Relations
3.2.1 The Initial Phase, 1947-1960
3.2.2 Towards An Alignment, 1960s
3.2.3 Deepening Ties During 1970s and 80s
3.2.4 China’s Diplomatic Support to Pakistan in 1990s
Conclusion
Chapter 4: U.S. and Chinese Economic Assistance to, and Public Opinion in, Pakistan, 2001-11
4.1 Foreign Aid and Public Opinion
4.2 Pakistan-U.S. Ties, 2001-11
4.2.1 9/11 Attacks and New Beginning in Pakistan-US Relations
4.2.2 Economic Assistance
4.3 Pakistan-China Relations 2001-11
4.3.1 China’s Economic Assistance to Pakistan, 2001-11
4.4 Comparing the Public Opinion about the U.S. and China in Pakistan, 2001-11
4.4.1 Pew Research Surveys in Pakistan, 2005-2011
4.5 Drawing the Anomaly of （U.S. and Chinese） Economic Aid and Pakistan’s) Public Opinion
Conclusion
Chapter 5: Deciphering the Paradox of Aid and Public Opinion; the Argument of Aid Contextualisation and its Clash with Public Perceptions in Pakistan
5.1 Drawing an Intersubjective Interpretation of the Puzzle
5.2 Understanding the Context of Economic Aid
5.2.1 U.S. Aid Motivated by 9/11 Attacks and Resulting ‘War on Terror’
5.2.2 Chinese Aid Came Without Any Strategic Contingency
5.3 Public Perceptions of the Context of Aid
5.3.1 Impression of the War on Terror in Pakistan （Context of U.S. Aid）
5.3.2 Perceptions About Relationship with China （The Context of Chinese Aid）
5.4 The Interplay of Material Relationship （Economic Aid） and Intersubjective Elements （Identity and Perceptions of Aid Context） in Shaping Public Opinion
Conclusion
Bibliography
Acknowledgements
本文编号：2935204
【文章来源】：吉林大学吉林省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直属院校
【文章页数】：164 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
中文摘要
Abstract
Lists of Abbreviations
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 The Puzzle and Research Question
1.2 Literature Review
1.3 Case Selection
1.4 Hypotheis
1.5 Theory
1.6 Methodology and Methods
1.7 Research Significance
1.8 Structure of Thesis
Chapter 2: Theoretical Approach:Constructivism
2.1 Constructivism as A Theoretical Approach
2.2 Dominance of IR by Rationalists
2.3 The Challenge of Critical Theory
2.4 Constructivism: the Middle Ground Between Rationalists and Post Structuralists
2.5 Three Main Schools of Constructivism
2.5.1 Wendt’s Constructivism
2.5.2 Kratochwil’s Constructivism
2.5.3 Onuf’s Constructivism
2.6 Key Principles of Constructivism
2.6.1 The Social Construction of Reality
2.6.2 An Alternative to Materialism
2.6.3 Ideational Structures are as Important as Material Structures
2.6.4 Mutual Constitution of Agents and Structure
2.6.5 The Process of Cognitive Evolution
2.6.6 Multiple Interpretations of Anarchy
Conclusion
Chapter 3: The Setting of Pakistan-US and Pakistan-China Relations （1947-2000）
3.1 Pakistan-U.S. Ties
3.1.1 The Beginning
3.1.2 Military Alliances
3.1.3 The Downturn, 1962-79
3.1.4 The 1960s South Asian Wars and the Widening Gap between US and Pakistan
3.1.5 Ups and Downs of 1970s
3.1.6 Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan and Revival of US-Pakistan Alliance
3.1.7 The Post-Cold War Crisis in Relations
3.2 Pakistan-Relations
3.2.1 The Initial Phase, 1947-1960
3.2.2 Towards An Alignment, 1960s
3.2.3 Deepening Ties During 1970s and 80s
3.2.4 China’s Diplomatic Support to Pakistan in 1990s
Conclusion
Chapter 4: U.S. and Chinese Economic Assistance to, and Public Opinion in, Pakistan, 2001-11
4.1 Foreign Aid and Public Opinion
4.2 Pakistan-U.S. Ties, 2001-11
4.2.1 9/11 Attacks and New Beginning in Pakistan-US Relations
4.2.2 Economic Assistance
4.3 Pakistan-China Relations 2001-11
4.3.1 China’s Economic Assistance to Pakistan, 2001-11
4.4 Comparing the Public Opinion about the U.S. and China in Pakistan, 2001-11
4.4.1 Pew Research Surveys in Pakistan, 2005-2011
4.5 Drawing the Anomaly of （U.S. and Chinese） Economic Aid and Pakistan’s) Public Opinion
Conclusion
Chapter 5: Deciphering the Paradox of Aid and Public Opinion; the Argument of Aid Contextualisation and its Clash with Public Perceptions in Pakistan
5.1 Drawing an Intersubjective Interpretation of the Puzzle
5.2 Understanding the Context of Economic Aid
5.2.1 U.S. Aid Motivated by 9/11 Attacks and Resulting ‘War on Terror’
5.2.2 Chinese Aid Came Without Any Strategic Contingency
5.3 Public Perceptions of the Context of Aid
5.3.1 Impression of the War on Terror in Pakistan （Context of U.S. Aid）
5.3.2 Perceptions About Relationship with China （The Context of Chinese Aid）
5.4 The Interplay of Material Relationship （Economic Aid） and Intersubjective Elements （Identity and Perceptions of Aid Context） in Shaping Public Opinion
Conclusion
Bibliography
Acknowledgements
本文编号：2935204
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