国际关系中的新马克思主义思潮
本文关键词：国际关系中的新马克思主义思潮，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。
国际关系中的新马克思主义思潮
国际关系中的新马克思主义思潮
新马克思主义的产生最早可以追溯到20世纪20年代,是不断地对西方社会革命失败、资本主义社会弊端显现、社会主义社会曲折前进以及国际格局变迁进行深度反思的结果。20世纪70年代后,新马克思主义迅速崛起为西方国际关系理论中的一个重要流派。它借用马克思主义的某些思想和策略,对国际社会中的政治、经济、文化、生态环境等不足进行了多角度的深入研究,试图探寻一条适合全球化背景的、朝着更加公平、合理的方向前进的人类解放道路。新马克思主义因其理论内容的批判性、创新性产生了巨大的影响力,与新自由主义、新保守主义一起,成为目前西方国际关系理论中的三大主要流派之一,在国际社会中具有重要影响。目前西方和我国学术界均十分关注对新马克思主义的研究,虽然在某些方面对新马克思主义的认识不尽一致,但都肯定了新马克思主义的巨大理论价值和现实意 义,认为他们为未来国际社会的发展道路做出了种种新的探索,开辟了一个新的研究视阈,提出了许多发人深省的理论观点。我们对国际关系中的新马克思主义进行深入研究,对于认识当代国际社会中存在的不足及国际关系的协调发展,既具有重要理论价值,也具有较大实践意 义。本文共分为五大部分。第一部分是对新马克思主义的基本情况进行了简要梳理。在对其概念进行浅析浅析后,本文指出产生于20世纪20年代的新马克思主义并非偶然现象,而有其深刻的历史背景。新马克思主义走过了曲折的发展历程,经历了初创、形成、兴盛和多硕博在线论文网化发展的四个时期;同时对当代新马克思主义最具代表性的后现代主义的新马克思主义、生态社会主义、欧美的文化新马克思主义和新发展主义四大学派,进行了阐释,论述了不同学派的思想内涵,说明了各种学派所呈现的研究方向和理论观点既有相融之处,又存在着差异性;最后通过展现其批判性、创新性和学院化三种理论特质,进一步浅析浅析了新马克思主义与其它相关思潮的关系。第二部分阐述了新马克思主义通过对全球化、生态危机、异化消费、文化批判及资本主义、社会主义不足的认识这五大部分来充分展现新马克思主义国际关系理论思潮的主要观点,浅析浅析了新马克思主义对现实世界弊病的批判性认识。第三部分主要是论述了新马克思主义基于对当今世界的认识而相应性提出的克服当今世界不足的五大主张。首先针对全球化不足,提出了浅析浅析全球化实质,进行全球广泛合作的主张;其次针对生态危机不足,提出了共同应对生态危机,建立绿色社会的主张;再次针对异化消费不足,提出了关注社会经济发展,进行理性消费的主张:再者针对文化批判不足,提出了尊重文化多硕博在线论文网化,加强文化沟通的主张;最后针对资本主义、社会主义的不足,提出了变革资本主义现有制度,主张社会主义全新发展的看法。第四部分阐述了新马克思主义对重建未来世界秩序的构想。首先论述了新马克思主义对重建未来世界秩序必要性的认识,指出随着全球化的进一步发展加之世界秩序本身的变化,重建之路势在必行;其次着重阐述了对重构未来世界秩序的基本构想,着重以沃勒斯坦现代世界体系理论为基础进行浅析浅析论证:最后从有益于改善发达国家与发展中国家的关系和有助于调整社会主义国家与资本主义国家的关系两方面来浅析浅析论证新马克思主义重建未来世界秩序的意 义。第五部分主要是展开对新马克思主义国际关系思潮的评价。首先指出了新马克思主义国际关系思潮的主要贡献:推动了国际关系理论的发展,推动了国际关系优化的进程。然后对其缺陷进行理性浅析浅析,指出新马克思主义的理论批判不够彻底并且存在一定空想成分。最后得出结论,指出对待新马克思主义的正确态度。
【Abstract】 The foundation of Neo-Marxism first appeared in 1920th,which is the result of deep thoughts after the failure of the socialist revolution,short comings of capitalism,the twisty improvement of socialist society and the changes of world setup.After 1970s,Neo-Marxism quickly became one important thoughts in theories about western countries international relations.Using some thoughts and methods of Marxism,it researches deeply from different aspects of political,economical,cultural and ecological issues in international society,trying to seek a human being’s revolution way that suits the global background and heading to more rational and fair direction.Neo-Marxism generated huge influence for its being critical and creative.Together with Neo-liberalism and Neo-conservatism,it is one of the top three schools of thoughts of Western International Relation Theory,which has big impact in international society.Presently,in the academe in both China and west,the research on Neo- Marxism is a very much concerned issue,although the explanation varies in certain aspects.Both give affirmation to its significant value theoretically and realistically,believing that its theories have explored new roads for the development of future international society,opened a new research field and brought up many inspiring opinions.Deeply research on Neo-Marxism in international relations is of great value theoretically and realistically in understanding the problems existed in modern international society and the harmonious development of international relations.This dissertation consists of five parts.PartⅠis a brief review of Neo-Marxism.By analyzing its definition,it is pointed out that the appearance of Neo-Marxism in 1920s was not a coincidence but of deep relation with the historical background.The development of Neo-Marxism experienced a twisty road,including four stages:foundation,formation,boom and diversified development.In the mean time,the typical schools of theories that affect modern Neo-Marxism such as post-modernist Neo-Marxism,Eeosocialism,cultural Neo-Marxism in Europe and America and New Development Theory are also discussed in aspects of the inner meaning,research areas,common grounds and differences of them.In the end,by showing the special theoretical characteristics of critical,creative and institutional,we deeply analyzed the relation between Neo-Marxism and other schools of theories.PartⅡexplains the understanding of Neo-Marxism on global issues,ecological crisis issues, Alienated Consumption issues,cultural critique issues,capitalism and socialism issues.From the above five parts,the main opinions of Neo-Marxism international relation theory trend and its critical understanding to the malady of modern world are discussed.PartⅢmainly discusses the five propositions of Neo-Marxism about how to solve the problems of the world nowadays based on its understanding of modern world.Firstly,aiming at the globalism issue,it brought up the proposition of how to analyse the essence of globalism and enhance cooperation worldwide.Secondly,aiming at the ecological crisis,it claims that the whole world should face this crisis together and establish a green society.Thirdly,aiming at alienated consumption,it claims that the development of social economy should be concerned and consume rationally should be promoted.Fourthly,aiming at cultural critique,it claims that we should respect the diversion of cultures and strengthen culture communication.Lastly,aiming at capitalism and socialism,it claims that the present capitalism system should be reformed and socialism should have a complete new development.PartⅣdiscusses the conceive of Neo-Marxism of reconstruct the new order of the future world.Firstly,what is discussed is Neo-Marxism’ understanding of the importance of reconstructing the future world order and pointed out the necessity of reconstruction accompanying the development of globalism and changes of world order itself.Secondly,this dissertation mainly explains the basic conceive of reconstructing the future world order, emphasizing on the analysis and research on Wallerstein’s Theory of world system.Lastly,the significance of Neo-Marxism’s reconstruction of future world order from aspects of this new order would be helpful for improving relations between developed and developing countries and adjusting the relations between socialist countries and capitalist countries.PartⅤis about evaluation of Neo-Marxism international relations.Firstly we discussed the main contribution of Neo-Marxism international relation thoughts.It improves the development of international theories,promoted the optimization process of international relations.Afterwards, a rational analysis of its short comings is done.We believe that the critique of Neo-Marxism is not complete enough and of a bit utopian socialism.In the end,a conclusion is made that what should be the correct attitude to Neo-Marxism.
【关键词】 国际关系； 新马克思主义； 现实世界弊病； 未来世界秩序构建；【Key words】 international relation； Neo-Marxism； malady of modern world； construction of future world order；
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本文关键词：国际关系中的新马克思主义思潮，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。
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