冷战后欧洲安全结构研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 09:50

本文选题：战后　切入点：欧洲　出处：《外交学院》2001年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 本文研究了冷战后欧洲地区1989年至2000年间各主要安全组织的变化和这种变化导致新欧洲安全结构的形成。本文研究了欧洲地区最重要的三个安全组织：北约、欧安组织、欧盟/西欧联盟，对于它们在冷战后新的安全形势下所进行的内部调整和改造，尤其是职责和任务的重新确定，战略目标与手段的调整，以及这种调整对组织力量的影响和给组织带来的变化进行了阐述和分析，对于欧洲各种力量在各个安全组织中的利益、各组织之间的相互关系和联系、特别是冷战后的欧美关系的发展变化进行深入探讨，并从组织力量研究中揭示了各安全组织在欧洲新安全结构中的地位和作用，新结构的控制机制、运行原则与方式。本文力图通过这项研究展示新安全结构的特征、形成原因、未来发展趋势、以及对地区秩序的影响。本文认为经过了冷战结束后10年的发展演变，欧洲已呈现出了前所未有的复合中心圆的结构（Comprehensive concentric Circle structure）。这一结构已相对稳定，但仍然在继续发展演变当中。在这个安全结构中，美国领导的北约是欧洲安全的核心组织，是欧洲安全秩序的控制中心，掌握着秩序的运行方式和规则。与此平行存在着另一个核心，即以欧盟为主的安全核心，它在经济、社会等方面形成的巨大内聚力，日益发挥着越来越大的安全作用。这两个核心即相互重合又有所不同，其重合部分表明两者的战略利益一致，二者可以合二为一；其不同之处，在于职责分工不同，各自承担不同的安全任务。北约中心由于北大西洋联盟是一个军事政治联盟，其在欧洲安全结构中所发挥的作用主要是以军事安全为主。而欧盟中心圆由于其经济一体化的独特发展和内部的高度稳定，其作为安全中心的功能主要是从 “软安全”的角度体现出来，即从政治、经济和社会的角度作为一个 “安全锚地”在欧洲安全结构中发挥重要作用。两个核心的矛盾和斗争则预示着秩序的变化所在及发展方向，是值得密切关注的重点。这两个职责不同的安全核心，其内部关系高度制度化和组织化，聚合程度高，稳定性强。核心通过各种制度化的机制联系着核心周边的国家，并使欧洲地区存在的其它安全组织逐渐演变成为职能相对单一、接受核心领导的组织。结构内部从中心到边缘存在着等级区别。内核是具有广泛共同利益的西方发达国家，它们是一组承诺生死与共、订立有集体防御军事联盟条约的国家。它们将其外围国家，尤其是俄罗斯看成是防范的对象，是不确定性和不稳定性的来源。它们在维持集体防御不变的情况下，试图通过各种手段将这些国家纳入到以西方为主的结构中去，，并维待结构的等级分别。核心国家在冷战后采取多种形式延伸安全地带，扩大势力范围，并通过种种制度化和组织化的手段融合和改造周边国家，目前的控制方式主要以制度化的多边合作为主，对结构内的反叛力量也以多边力量予以打击。规范和价值观念在整个结构建设过程中起到了非常重要的作用。本文认为，历史和现实的因素影响了冷战后欧洲安全结构的形成。两极体制的遗产一方面是西欧的高度一体化发展，另一方面则是中东欧和前苏联地区的碎片化，这两个发展趋势为冷战后欧洲新安全结构的形成奠定了基础。经过几百年历史发展形成的西方资本主义的统治地位、全球化形势下的西方共同利益所面临的共同威胁，俄罗斯未来发展方向的不确定，是使欧美联盟历经冷战结束巨变而不衰，并使它们迅速调整职能和任务、重新确定战略目标和重整分工的现实主导原因。而欧洲地区组织化和制度化的高度发达，以及战后长期培育的多边主义传统，再加上西方的明显优势地位，是使结构得以主要采用多边主义和制度化合作方式控制的重要原因。本文的指导理论是马克思主义的历史合力论，采用的分析方法为‘ 结构分析、组织分析和历史分析方法的结合。结构分析主要是围绕结构行为体的力量和结构控制形式的分析，因本文根据欧洲的特点选取安全组织作为结构中的主要行为体，因而组织力量的研究采用了组织分析的方法。同时历史分析方法在本文对各组织职能转变和战略调整 2 B 过程的分析中，也占重要的份量。本文的主要章节安排是：前言部分主要论述本文的选题意义和学术价值，讨论本论文所涉及的文献，并概括性地提出了本文的基本观点。第一章为本文的理论部分，主要对本文涉及的主要概念进行界定 ’ 和梳理，并提出自己的分析框架和分析方法。第二章论述欧洲安全结构的历史基础，主要是对本世纪以来欧洲
[Abstract]:This article examines the major security organizations of the European region from 1989 to 2000 after the Cold War
Changes and such changes have led to the formation of a new European security structure. This article studies the European Region
The three most important security organizations: NATO, the OSCE, the EU / European Union, for it
The internal adjustment and transformation of the new security situation in the post Cold War, especially the responsibilities and responsibilities.
The redetermination of the task, the adjustment of the strategic objectives and means, and the adjustment of the organizational strength
The influence and changes brought to the organization are expounded and analyzed, for the various forces in Europe
The interests of various security organizations, the relations and relations between the organizations, especially the Cold War
The development and changes of the relationship between Europe and America are discussed in depth, and it is revealed in the study of organizational strength.
The status and role of the various security organizations in the new European security structure, the control mechanism of the new structure,
This paper tries to show the characteristics of the new security structure through this study.
The cause, the future trend, and the impact on the regional order.
This article believes that after the development of the 10 years after the end of the cold war, Europe has emerged.
The structure of the unprecedented complex center circle (Comprehensive concentric Circle)
Structure). The structure is relatively stable, but it is still evolving.
In this security structure, the United States led NATO is the core of European security, a European security organization.
The control center of the order, which holds the way and the rules of order, exists parallel to this.
Another core, the EU based security core, is formed in economic, social and other aspects.
The great cohesion is increasingly playing a more and more important role in security. These two cores are each other
The overlap is different, and its overlap indicates that the strategic interests of the two are consistent, and the two can be combined.
The second is one; the difference is that the division of responsibilities is different and the different security tasks are undertaken each other.
NATO center, because the North Atlantic alliance is a military political alliance, is in the European security structure.
The role played mainly mainly in military security. The central circle of the EU is due to its economy.
The unique development of the body and the high stability of the interior are the main functions of the security center.
The angle of "soft security" is reflected from the perspective of political, economic and social.
The "safety anchorage" plays an important role in the European security structure. The contradiction and fight between the two cores
The argument indicates the change of order and the direction of development, which is a key point to be paid close attention to.
Two different security cores with different responsibilities, their internal relations are highly institutionalized and organized, and the process of polymerization
The core is connected with the countries around the core through a variety of institutional mechanisms.
And other security organizations in the European region have gradually evolved into a relatively unitary function.
The organization of the core leadership. There is a hierarchical difference within the structure from the center to the edge. The kernel is the core.
Have extensive common interests in western developed countries, they are a group of commitments entered into a common destiny,
The country of the Treaty of the collective defense of the military alliance. They look at its peripheral countries, especially Russia.
It is the object of prevention, the source of uncertainty and instability. They are maintaining collective defense.
Under the circumstances of the immutability, these countries are tried to bring these countries into the west by means of various means.
The structure is gone, and the dimensions of the structure are treated separately. The core countries take many forms after the cold war.
Extending the safety zone, expanding the sphere of influence, and blending through a variety of institutionalized and organized means.
The current mode of control is mainly based on the institutionalized multilateral cooperation.
The rebel forces in the structure are also attacked by multilateral forces. The norms and values are in the whole.
In the process of construction, it has played a very important role.
This article holds that historical and realistic factors affect the shape of the European security structure after the cold war.
The heritage of the bipolar system is a highly integrated development of Western Europe on the one hand, and on the other hand it is
The fragmentation of central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union, these two trends are new European security after the Cold War
The formation of the structure laid the foundation. Western capitalism developed after several hundred years of historical development.
The common threat to the common interests of the West under the globalized situation, Russia.
The uncertainty of the direction of future development is to make the European and American alliance after the cold war.
Enable them to quickly adjust their functions and tasks, redefine the strategic objectives and realities of the division of labor.
Leading reasons. And the highly developed and institutionalized European region, and the long-term postwar cultivation
The multilateralism tradition, coupled with the obvious dominance of the west, is the main structure.
An important reason for the use of multilateralism and institutionalized cooperation.
The guiding theory of this article is Marx's theory of historical resultant, and the method of analysis is'
The combination of structural analysis, organizational analysis and historical analysis. The structural analysis is mainly around the knot.
The analysis of the force and structure of the structure of the structure of a structure, as this article is selected according to the characteristics of Europe
As the main body of the structure, the organization of organizational strength has been organized.
At the same time, the method of historical analysis in this paper changes the functions of each organization and the strategic adjustment
Two
B
In the process of analysis, it is also an important part of the process.
The main chapters of this article are as follows:
The preface mainly discusses the significance and academic value of this paper, and discusses the implications of this paper
The basic views of this article are put forward generality.
The first chapter is the theoretical part of this article, which mainly defines the main concepts involved in this article.
"
And combing, and put forward their own analytical framework and analytical methods.
The second chapter discusses the historical basis of the European security structure, mainly in Europe since this century.

【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2001
【分类号】：D75

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