日本政治右倾化根源研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 16:07

本文选题：日本　切入点：政治右倾化　出处：《外交学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近些年来日本政坛与社会右倾化程度空前严重,这一趋势在首相安倍晋三上台后显得更加突出,在参拜靖国神社、美化侵略言论、争议领土、修改和平宪法方面出现大后退,中日关系也在不断的突发事件中降至冰点。那么,是否是安倍晋三首相个人主导了日本政坛右倾化加剧?抑或主导原因是安倍晋三隶属的自民党与公明党执政联盟?笔者在推演中发现了二者都无法充分解释日本政坛整体右转的事实,但经过分析发现了中国与日本之间的权力差距不断缩小直至反超与日本右翼势力逐渐猖獗直至主导日本政坛与社会右倾化有着密切的相关联系。二者间具有着因果联系,中日权力的差距是日本政治右倾化的决定性因素,而个人因素、政党因素在政治右倾化中扮演辅助作用,日本民众的认知在日本政治右倾化中扮演中介传导因素,在可预见的未超日本,日本政治右倾化现象将更加严重,中日间的冲突也会只增来,随着中国包括经济实力与军事实力在内的综合权力更进一步反不减。本文通过现实主义理论与现实的视角,以冷战末期到安倍晋三第二届任期结束为主要分析时间段,对日本政治右倾化的发展、特点、表现与主导性原因进行研究。论文共分为四个部分:第一章对学界日本右倾化的研究做了概括性说明,着重以安倍晋三时期为例。日本政治右倾化是一种政治倾向、政治思潮,始于二十世纪八十年代,并在之后逐渐发展壮大,并在小泉纯一郎执政时期与安倍晋三第二届执政时期达到高潮。主要表现有主张修改和平宪法、美化侵略历史、支持并带领日本高层参拜靖国神社、争夺钓鱼岛等,特点有右翼主导性、渐进加强性、形式多元性与实用主义等。第二章开始探究首相个人与执政党派在日本政治右倾化中扮演的角色以及所起的作用。通过首相平均在位时间、法案通过程序、派阀结构对首相的塑造以及政治家与技术官僚的区分等方面分析首相个人在日本政治右倾化发展中的局限性,通过执政党理念的变化与民众对执政党的客观要求等方面分析执政党在日本政治右倾化发展中的局限性,反驳首相个人与执政党在日本政治右倾化中扮演的主导性原因。第三章探究中国与日本相对权力差距缩小乃至反超的现实与同日本缩小差距的速度与日本政治右倾化的相关关系及其内在因果联系。采用定量分析的方法,以经济力量与军事力量为指标论证:日本政治右倾化的程度与中日权力差距是有一定的规律可循的,日本政治右倾化程度越高,就表明中国的权力在逐渐上升,并且中国与日本之间的权力差距越来越小。通过安全困境、民众对华认知等方面,论证中国与日本之间的权力差距的改变,会直接影响中国与日本的安全困境变化,日本政治右倾化程度不断的提高,论证民众认知一方面受政治右倾化影响,一方面又推动政治右倾化发展的因果关系。第四章介绍了笔者对日本政治右倾化发展的预测与中国应采取的对策。说明了日本政治右倾化将会继续发展壮大并不以人的意志为转移的客观现实,但其政治右倾化高潮的周期性波动却受制于多种其他因素影响,而中日两国政府在控制政治右倾化周期性波动的持续时间、间隔、烈度等方面仍有很多需要共同努力的地方。
[Abstract]:In recent years, Japanese politics and society rightist degree unprecedented, this trend is more prominent in the prime minister Abe Shinzo took office is in the Yasukuni Shrine, aggressive remarks, the disputed territory, the amendment of the peace constitution appeared back, Sino Japanese relations also dropped to the freezing point in emergencies constantly. So, whether it is prime minister Abe Shinzo personally the leading Japanese political rightist intensified? Or is the leading cause of Abe Shinzo under the Liberal Democratic Party and New Komeito ruling coalition? The deduction was found in all two Japanese politics can not fully explain the overall right facts, but the analysis found the power gap between China and Japan continue to shrink until the Anti Japanese right-wing forces and gradually rampant until the leading Japanese politics and society are closely related to the right. Between the two has a causal relationship in power difference It is a decisive factor in the Japanese right-wing politics, and personal factors, political factors in political rightist plays a supporting role, the Japanese people's cognition in the Japanese political right deviation play mediating factors, in the foreseeable future than the Japanese, the Japanese rightist political phenomenon will be more serious, the conflict will only day to increase, with the comprehensive power China includes economic strength and military strength, further reduced. The anti realism theory and realistic perspective, with Abe Shinzo at the end of the cold war to the end of his second term as the main analysis period, characteristics of the Japanese rightist political development, research, performance and main reason. The thesis is divided into four parts: the first chapter of the academia, the Japanese rightist research made a general description, focuses on the case study of the Abe Shinzo era. The Japanese rightist politics is a political inclination The political thought, began in 1980s, and then gradually develop and grow, and culminating in the reign of Junichiro Koizumi and Abe Shinzo in the second period. The main performance advocate peace constitution, beautify its history of aggression, support and lead the Japanese senior officials visited the Yasukuni Shrine, islands, characteristics of dominant right, strengthened gradually. The form of pluralism and pragmatism. The second chapter begins with the ruling party in the prime minister's personal exploration of Japanese political right deviation in the role and the role of the prime minister. The average in time, the bill through program, send valve structure on the prime minister's shape and the politicians and technocrats to distinguish aspects of personal limitations of the right-wing prime minister in the development of politics in Japan, by changing the concept of the ruling party and the people of the ruling party's objective requirements and other aspects of analysis. Party right limitation in the development of politics in Japan, the prime minister and the ruling party in person to refute the Japanese right-wing politics leading cause in the play. The third chapter explores China and relative power gap and anti Japanese super reality and with Japan to narrow the gap between the speed and the relationship of the Japanese right-wing politics and its intrinsic relationship. By using the method of quantitative analysis on the economic strength and military strength as the index argument: the Japanese rightist political level and Japan power gap have a certain pattern, the higher the Japanese rightist political level, that Chinese power is rising gradually, and the power gap between China and Japan more and more small through the security dilemma, the public cognition of China, demonstrates the power gap between Japan and China changes will directly affect the security dilemma and China Japan changes in Japan The political right continuously, people on the one hand by the demonstration of cognitive rightist political influence, and promote a causal relationship between the rightist political development. The fourth chapter introduces the Countermeasures of prediction of the Japanese rightist political development and Chinese should be taken. The Japanese rightist political will continue to grow as not to people the will for the transfer of objective reality, but the cyclical fluctuation of its political rightist climax is subject to a variety of other factors, and the governments of China and Japan in the right-wing political control interval duration of periodic fluctuation, intensity and other aspects are still many places to work together.

【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D731.3

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