对法属波利尼西亚重新被列入联合国非自治领土名单的研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 20:26

本文选题：非殖民化　切入点：非自治领土　出处：《北京外国语大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：2013年5月,联合国大会通过决议,将法属波利尼西亚重新列入联合国非自治领土名单中,该决议引起了联合国各成员国关注,法国、英国、荷兰等国对这一决议均持反对态度。自联合国成立以来,非殖民化问题一直是其主要关切之一。《联合国宪章》的第十一章“关于非自治领土宣言”、十二章“国际托管制度”和十三章“托管理事会”构成了联合国非殖民化机制的基本框架。1960年,联合国大会上通过了1514号决议,即《给予殖民地国家和人民独立宣言》,取消了宪章中管理托管领土和非自治领土目标上的区别,明确提出非自治领土人民也有获得独立的权力,使非殖民化进程取得巨大进展。但同时我们也应注意到,由于非自治领土及完全自治的衡量标准在联合国文件中的解释较为模糊,有关非自治领土的决议一直存在争议。此次决议涉及的法属波利尼西亚是法国的海外领土。自1880年法国在塔希提建立殖民统治到今日名义上的“海外属国”,法属波利尼西亚在法国的政体地位历经了数次变化,其享有的自治权也不断扩大。尽管法属波利尼西亚从民族和文化方面均与法国本土有较大差异,但其多数居民对于法国具有普遍认同感。在1958年举行的公投中,法属波利尼西亚人民以压倒性“同意”选择留在法兰西第五共和国内；在2013年的当地人领导人竞选中,多数法属波利尼西亚人民也将选票投给了主张自治、反对独立的党派。本文通过分析联合国相关文件,并结合法属波利尼西亚社会的现实情况,讨论法属波利尼西亚是否符合联合国非自治领土及完全自治标准,进而讨论法属波利尼西亚再次被纳入联合国非自治领土名单这一做法是否合理。我们分析研究的最终结论是：法属波利尼西亚并不完全符合联合国非自治领土的标准,其被重新列入非自治领土名单的做法包含合理因素,但基本不合理。
[Abstract]:In May 2013, the United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution to reinstate French Polynesia on the UN's list of Non-Self-Governing Territories, which has drawn the attention of member states of the United Nations. France, Britain, the Netherlands and other countries are opposed to the resolution.Since the establishment of the United Nations, the question of decolonization has been one of its main concerns... the Declaration on Non-Self-Governing Territories, Chapter XI of the Charter of the United Nations,Chapter XII, "the international trusteeship system", and chapter XIII, "Trusteeship Council", constitute the basic framework for the United Nations decolonization mechanism. In 1960, the General Assembly of the United Nations adopted resolution 1514,That is, the Declaration on the granting of Independence to Colonial countries and Peoples removed the distinction in the Charter between the objectives of administering Trust Territories and Non-Self-Governing Territories, and made it clear that the peoples of Non-Self-Governing Territories also had the right to independence, thus making great progress in the decolonization process.At the same time, however, we should also note that resolutions on Non-Self-Governing Territories have been controversial because of the vague interpretation of the measures of Non-Self-Governing Territories and full Self-Government in United Nations documents.The French Polynesia covered by this resolution is an overseas territory of France.From the establishment of French colonial rule in Tahiti in 1880 to the present nominally "overseas dependency", French Polynesia has undergone several changes in its political status, and its autonomy has been continuously expanded.Although French Polynesia is ethnically and culturally different from that of France, the majority of its inhabitants have a general sense of identity with France.In a referendum held in 1958, French Polynesians overwhelmingly "agreed" to remain in the Fifth Republic of France; in the 2013 local leadership election,A majority of French Polynesians also voted for self-governing and anti-independence parties.By analyzing the relevant documents of the United Nations and considering the reality of the French Polynesian society, this paper discusses whether French Polynesia meets the United Nations criteria for Non-Self-Governing Territories and full Self-Government.Further discussion is made as to whether it is reasonable for French Polynesia to be re-listed on the United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories.The final conclusion of our analytical study is that French Polynesia does not fully meet the United Nations criteria for Non-Self-Governing Territories and that its re-listing of Non-Self-Governing Territories contains reasonable, but largely unreasonable, factors.
【学位授予单位】：北京外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D756.5

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