叙利亚威权主义政治及其转型研究

发布时间：2018-05-06 06:40

本文选题：叙利亚 + 威权主义　；参考：《西北大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：1970年11月“纠正运动”以后,阿萨德通过对叙利亚政治体制进行重构,逐步确立了以“二元”权力结构为特征的强威权主义政治体制,不仅结束了叙利亚独立之后政局长期动荡的历史,维护了国家的稳定,而且还逐渐探索出了一条具有强烈叙利亚特色的现代化发展道路。2000年6月巴沙尔执政之后,叙利亚逐渐开启了威权主义政治经济发展模式的转型,威权主义政治由此呈现出逐渐弱化的特征。因此为了与阿萨德时期具有高度威权特点的政治体制作区分,我们将这一时期叙利亚的威权主义政治称为“弱威权主义”。叙利亚威权主义政治尽管对国家稳定和经济发展起到了积极作用,但是却造成了政治腐败、失业率居高不下等一系列社会问题。尽管巴沙尔执政以后叙利亚强威权主义政治一定程度上被弱化,但是这种弱化是在一定限度之内进行的。巴沙尔执政以后经济上的自由化脱离了政治民主化的进程,致使叙利亚政治腐败等社会问题更加突出,这成为了影响阿萨德家族统治延续性的巨大威胁。本文以文明交往论为研究视角,以叙利亚威权主义政治为主题,试图通过对影响叙利亚政治发展进程的阿萨德家族、阿拉维少数派、复兴党以及叙利亚国家等诸多因素进行分析,深入对比两位领导人威权主义政治的特点和区别,揭示叙利亚在东西方制度文明交往过程中政治现代化面临的问题及挑战,为我们正确认识发展中国家政治现代化提供必要的借鉴。
[Abstract]:After the "rectification movement" in November 1970, Assad established a strong authoritarian political system characterized by the power structure of "two yuan" by reconstructing the political system of Syria, which not only ended the long history of the political situation in Syria after independence, and maintained the stability of the country, but also gradually explored one of them. The road of modern development with strong Syria characteristics after Bashar was in power in June, Syria gradually opened the transformation of authoritarian political and economic development mode, and the authoritarian politics was gradually weakening. Therefore, in order to distinguish the political body with the high power characteristic of the Assad period, we will be this one. In the period of Syria, authoritarian politics was called "weak authoritarianism".
Although the authoritarian politics of Syria has played a positive role in the stability and economic development of the country, it has caused a series of social problems, such as political corruption, high unemployment rate and so on. Although the strong authoritarian politics of Syria was weakened to a certain extent after Bashar's ruling, it was carried out within a certain limit. After shal's ruling, the economic liberalization was divorced from the process of political democratization, resulting in more prominent social problems such as political corruption in Syria, which became a great threat to the continuity of the Assad family's rule.
This article, taking the theory of civilized communication as the research perspective and the theme of Syria authoritarianism, tries to analyze the characteristics and differences of the two leaders' authoritarian politics through the analysis of many factors such as the Assad family, Allawi minority, the Baath party and the Syria state, which affect the process of Syria's political development. The problems and challenges faced by Leah in the process of political modernization in the process of civilization and communication between the East and the West provide us with the necessary reference for the correct understanding of the political modernization of the developing countries.

【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D737.6

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