“新俄罗斯思想”：俄罗斯软权力的根本性资源
发布时间：2018-08-02 10:44
【摘要】： 软权力是国家权力的重要组成部分,在大国竞争中扮演着越来越重要的角色。文章首先从“权力”概念开始,通过从权力的资源、权力的作用方式和权力的效果等三个方面对软权力特性的界定,得出软权力的更加明确、具体且有可操作性的定义。文章进而指出,政治价值观是对一国软权力具有根本性意义的资源。政治价值观决定国家的发展道路和制度设计,如果得到本国人民和其他国家的认可,对内维系国家认同,统合社会各个阶层和民族,对外可以转化为吸引力,为人效仿和追随。 在第三章,详细阐述对俄罗斯国家软权力的提升乃至国家的复兴有着关键意义的“新俄罗斯思想”。它由普京提出,近十年来已然成为俄罗斯事实上的官方价值观。“新”字表明了这一概念的历史继承性。在俄语中,“俄罗斯思想”是一个有着特殊涵义的概念,尽管它出自19世纪末的俄国知识分子笔下,却可说是贯穿俄罗斯民族和国家全部历史的一条线索。“俄罗斯思想”实质是俄罗斯民族的自我定位。对俄罗斯人来说,求解这一问题的难处在于俄罗斯特殊的地理位置,在这里,东方与西方两种力量永远在相互角力,每当国家发展走到转型的十字路口,这一问题总会被重新提出。在经过了苏联解体和随后代价巨大的西方化改革之后,俄罗斯再次身处必须做出选择的处境,“新俄罗斯思想”应运而生。实用主义的普京从传统的俄罗斯价值观中提取出了爱国主义、强国意识、国家主义和社会团结四点。仔细考察普京的“新俄罗斯思想”,包括它的历史资源和新意所在,我们发现它实际是俄罗斯传统价值观与人类普遍价值观的一个结合体,是西方发达国家发展经验与俄罗斯历史文化传统特别是近十年改革经验相结合的产物。 文章随后考察了普京以来俄罗斯官方在政治、经济、外交和意识形态领域的政策、言论。作为软权力根本性资源的“新俄罗斯思想”不仅凝聚起原本一盘散沙似的俄罗斯社会,而且在前述四个方面深刻的影响了俄罗斯的国家发展道路。
[Abstract]:Soft power is an important part of state power and plays a more and more important role in the competition of great powers. This paper begins with the concept of "power", defines the characteristics of soft power from three aspects: the resources of power, the mode of action of power and the effect of power, and obtains a clearer, more specific and operable definition of soft power. The article further points out that political values are resources of fundamental significance to a country's soft power. Political values determine the development path and system design of a country. If it is recognized by its own people and other countries, it can maintain the national identity at home, integrate all social strata and nationalities, and can be transformed into attraction, imitated and followed by others. In the third chapter, the "New Russian thought", which is of key significance to the promotion of soft power and the rejuvenation of the Russian state, is elaborated in detail. It was proposed by Mr Putin and has become a de facto official Russian value for nearly a decade. The word "new" shows the historical inheritance of the concept. In Russian, "Russian thought" is a concept with special meaning. Although it is written by Russian intellectuals at the end of the 19th century, it can be said to be a clue running through the whole history of Russian nation and state. The essence of Russian thought is the self-orientation of the Russian nation. For the Russians, the difficulty in solving this problem lies in the special geographical location of Russia, where the East and the West are always wrestling with each other, whenever the country moves to the crossroads of transition. The question will always be raised again. After the collapse of the Soviet Union and the costly Westernization reform, Russia was again in a position of having to make a choice, and "New Russian thought" came into being. Pragmatist Putin extracted four points from traditional Russian values: patriotism, sense of power, nationalism and social solidarity. By carefully examining Putin's "New Russia thought", including its historical resources and new ideas, we find that it is actually a combination of Russian traditional values and universal human values. It is the product of the development experience of the western developed countries and the Russian historical and cultural tradition, especially the experience of reform in the past ten years. The article then examines Putin's official policies and comments in the political, economic, foreign and ideological spheres since Putin. As a fundamental resource of soft power, the "New Russian thought" not only condenses the originally scattered Russian society, but also profoundly influences Russia's national development road in the above-mentioned four aspects.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D751.2
本文编号：2159173
[Abstract]:Soft power is an important part of state power and plays a more and more important role in the competition of great powers. This paper begins with the concept of "power", defines the characteristics of soft power from three aspects: the resources of power, the mode of action of power and the effect of power, and obtains a clearer, more specific and operable definition of soft power. The article further points out that political values are resources of fundamental significance to a country's soft power. Political values determine the development path and system design of a country. If it is recognized by its own people and other countries, it can maintain the national identity at home, integrate all social strata and nationalities, and can be transformed into attraction, imitated and followed by others. In the third chapter, the "New Russian thought", which is of key significance to the promotion of soft power and the rejuvenation of the Russian state, is elaborated in detail. It was proposed by Mr Putin and has become a de facto official Russian value for nearly a decade. The word "new" shows the historical inheritance of the concept. In Russian, "Russian thought" is a concept with special meaning. Although it is written by Russian intellectuals at the end of the 19th century, it can be said to be a clue running through the whole history of Russian nation and state. The essence of Russian thought is the self-orientation of the Russian nation. For the Russians, the difficulty in solving this problem lies in the special geographical location of Russia, where the East and the West are always wrestling with each other, whenever the country moves to the crossroads of transition. The question will always be raised again. After the collapse of the Soviet Union and the costly Westernization reform, Russia was again in a position of having to make a choice, and "New Russian thought" came into being. Pragmatist Putin extracted four points from traditional Russian values: patriotism, sense of power, nationalism and social solidarity. By carefully examining Putin's "New Russia thought", including its historical resources and new ideas, we find that it is actually a combination of Russian traditional values and universal human values. It is the product of the development experience of the western developed countries and the Russian historical and cultural tradition, especially the experience of reform in the past ten years. The article then examines Putin's official policies and comments in the political, economic, foreign and ideological spheres since Putin. As a fundamental resource of soft power, the "New Russian thought" not only condenses the originally scattered Russian society, but also profoundly influences Russia's national development road in the above-mentioned four aspects.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D751.2
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