谢尔塔拉文化的发现与初步研究

发布时间：2018-01-11 05:09

本文关键词：谢尔塔拉文化的发现与初步研究　出处：《郑州大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：呼伦贝尔草原位于祖国的东北边陲,自古以来很多游牧民族如鲜卑、女真、室韦、蒙古等都在这里发展壮大。谢尔塔拉文化的主体分布范围在呼伦贝尔草原的海拉尔河流域,代表了公元7-10世纪活动在呼伦贝尔草原的游牧民族文化的遗存。主要发掘地点有两处,一处是西乌珠尔墓地,一处是谢尔塔拉墓地,分别代表了谢尔塔拉文化两个不同的发展阶段。谢尔塔拉墓地的发掘填补了相当于晚唐五代时期该地区少数民族文化遗存的空白。该墓地的文化内涵与鲜卑、契丹文化之间存在明显区别,但这批墓葬的年代和历史文献记载中该地区同时期的、构成蒙古族族源的室韦人相当吻合。本人以大量文献资料研究为基础,探讨谢尔塔拉的族属,如果谢尔塔拉墓地的族属能够推断为室韦,那么对确定室韦的物质文化面貌,进而探讨蒙古族的起源问题能够提供新的线索。唐代渤海国文化与谢尔塔拉文化大致处于同一时期,两者在葬俗以及墓葬形制和随葬品方面有较多的共同文化因素,同时也保持着自身的特殊性。人类学研究从谢尔塔拉人群的颅、面类型上推断他们属于蒙古人种北亚类型。谢尔塔拉文化的发现,为研究室韦的历史以及探索蒙古族的起源提供了科学的考古实证资料,对于构建呼伦贝尔草原古代游牧民族考古学文化体系,推动中国东北边疆地区考古与历史研究均具有重要意义。本文将结合新的考古发掘资料和研究成果,首先对代表谢尔塔拉文化的墓葬进行系统的梳理,对墓葬形制、主要随葬品进行类型学研究；其次,分四个方面对谢尔塔拉文化进行初步研究。第一是谢尔塔拉文化与唐代渤海国的比较。第二是引用大量文献资料研究谢尔塔拉文化的族属以及当时的社会组织关系。第三是结合汉代鲜卑考古发掘资料,通过文化因素,探讨谢尔塔拉文化与鲜卑文化相互间的文化传承与发展关系。最后对谢尔塔拉文化的桦树皮器进行分类和相关初步研究。
[Abstract]:Hulunbeir grassland is located in the northeast border of the motherland, since ancient times many nomads such as Xianbei, Nu Zhen, Virway. Mongolia and so on are growing here. The main distribution of Shertara culture is in the Hulunbeir grassland of the Hyalar River basin. It represents the remains of the nomadic culture of the Hulunbeir grassland in the 7th and 10th centuries. There are two main sites to be excavated, one is the Xiuzhu cemetery, the other is the Sheertara cemetery. It represents two different stages of development of Shertara culture. The excavation of Sheertara Cemetery fills the gap which is equivalent to the cultural relics of the ethnic minorities in the late Tang and five dynasties. The cultural connotation of the cemetery and Xianbei, Qidan culture are obviously different. But the ages and historical records of these tombs in the same period in this area, the Mongol origin of the Virway people are quite consistent. Based on a large number of literature research, I discuss the family of Shertara. If the genus of Seltara graveyard can be inferred as Virvir, it can provide a new clue to determine the physical and cultural features of Virgo and to explore the origin of Mongolian. The culture of Bohai in Tang Dynasty and the culture of Shertara were roughly in the same period, both of them had more common cultural factors in the burial customs, the form of tombs and the burial objects. At the same time, it also maintains its own particularity. Anthropological studies infer from the cranial and facial types of the Shertara population that they belong to the Mongolian North Asian type and the discovery of Shertara culture. In order to study the history of Virway and explore the origin of Mongolian provide scientific archaeological empirical data for the construction of Hulunbeir grassland ancient nomadic archaeological cultural system. It is of great significance to promote the archaeological and historical research in the northeast border area of China. This article will combine the new archaeological excavation data and the research result, first carries on the systematic comb to represent the Shertara culture tombs, to the tombs shape system, the main burial object carries on the typology research; Second. The first is the comparison between Shertara culture and the Bohai state in the Tang Dynasty. The second is the study of the ethnic affiliation of the Shertara culture and the social organization at that time by citing a large amount of literature. The third is the combination of the Han Dynasty Xianbei archaeological excavations. Through cultural factors, this paper discusses the cultural inheritance and development relationship between Shertara culture and Xianbei culture. Finally, the author classifies the birch bark of Shertara culture and makes a preliminary study on it.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K872

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