中国早期佛教造像中的U字形衣纹研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 06:37

本文关键词：中国早期佛教造像中的U字形衣纹研究　出处：《华东师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：佛像的U字形衣纹是通肩衣佛像的造型元素之一,可分为广义的U形衣纹和狭义的U形衣纹两种。广义的U形衣纹中,可见早期犍陀罗佛像中的不规则的衣纹皱褶、笈多造像中绵密细腻而凸起的衣纹、汉地佛像的类“U”或“V”字的衣纹。狭义的U形衣纹是指佛像着通肩袈裟,胸前的衣纹排列方式规律,由颈部开始向下呈类同心圆状扩散,且左右对称,作平行下垂状的一种形式化的衣纹。从发展源流看,这种衣纹的实物最早出现在印度犍陀罗和秣菟罗地区。在优填王造像记载中,这种衣纹已经开始流行,并逐渐传至中国乃至日本,后世所谓“旃檀瑞像”与其有密切关系。在中国早期南方造像中,沿中国长江一线的摇钱树和堆塑罐上都有U形衣纹佛像的发现,它成为了早期南方佛教造像的重要特点,其甚至影响到了中国北方。这在十六国早期金铜佛、北凉石塔、炳灵寺及云冈石窟的早期佛教造像中均有表现。文章最后论述U形衣纹在中国早期佛教造像中出现的原因并尝试对其传播路线和途径进行探析,如分析了南方海路与南方、北方陆路传入的多种可能性。同时,文章还从汉晋陶佛像与早期金铜佛像的关系入手,并通过对炳灵寺石窟开凿时代的一则新材料的研究,对早期南方造像对北方造像的影响的可能性进行了多维探索。
[Abstract]:The U-shaped pattern of Buddha is one of the modeling elements of the Buddha with shoulder coat. It can be divided into two types: generalized U-shaped pattern and narrow U-shaped pattern. You can see the irregular wrinkles in the early Gandhara Buddha statue, and the delicate and protruding patterns in the Gupta statue. The "U" or "V" pattern of the Buddhist statue in the Han Dynasty. In a narrow sense, the U-shaped pattern refers to the pattern of arrangement of the patterns of the Buddha's robes on the shoulders and the chest, and spreads downward in a concentric circular shape from the neck to the left and right, and is symmetrical to the left and right. A formal pattern of clothing in parallel drooping form. From the source of development, this kind of clothing pattern was first found in Gandhara and Haythula areas of India. In the records of the statue of the King of Superior, this pattern of clothing has become popular. And gradually spread to China and even Japan, the posterity of the so-called "Chandrani" has a close relationship with it. In early southern China, along the Chinese Yangtze River along the first line of cash trees and stacked plastic cans on the discovery of U-shaped patterns of Buddha. It became an important feature of early Buddhist statues in the South, and even affected northern China. This was in the early 16 Kingdoms of the Golden Bronze Buddha, the Beiliang Stone Pagoda. The early Buddhist statues of Bingling Temple and Yungang Grottoes are represented. Finally, the article discusses the causes of the appearance of U-shaped patterns in the early Buddhist statues in China and tries to explore its transmission route and ways. For example, the paper analyzes the various possibilities of the southern sea road, the south and the north by land. At the same time, the article starts with the relationship between the pottery Buddha statue of Han and Jin dynasties and the early gold and bronze Buddha statue. Based on the study of a new material of Bingling Temple Grottoes, this paper explores the possibility of the influence of the early southern statues on the northern statues.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：K879.3

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