上海万国公墓变迁研究（1909-1949）

发布时间：2018-02-05 01:14

本文关键词： 万国公墓私营公办丧葬文化　出处：《华东师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文以对档案和报刊资料的整理为基础,以万国公墓管理主体的演变为线索,详述万国公墓的变迁过程和经营发展脉络,在此基础上,从墓地形制、丧葬观念、仪式、习俗等多个角度论析近代上海丧葬文化的变革特征。1914年,万国公墓作为中国第一家近代公墓出现在上海,由地产商经润山私人创办并经营。20世纪30年代以后,市政府收管万国公墓,完成了公墓由私营到市办的转换。在几十年的发展历程中,万国公墓从沪上公墓的典范逐渐转为市属公墓中的普通一员,见证了近代上海的沧桑变迁。万国公墓的出现,为国人认识和接纳近代公墓形制起着重要的作用。万国公墓从建立到发展的过程,其实也是近代公墓形制从草创到不断完善的过程；它由个人经营到收归市办的历程,更是国家将公墓管理制度化和规范化的过程。万国公墓的入葬者及其丧事的筹办,在一定程度上体现出近代丧葬领域变革的特点,包括国人对新式葬地、丧仪、丧俗的逐渐认识与接纳,中国传统习俗与西方丧葬形式的交叉与共生,以及丧葬业在中国的商业化与专业化过程。万国公墓在上海的沧桑变迁,从不同侧面展现出近代中国丧葬文化演变的细节和特点。
[Abstract]:This paper is based on the archives and newspapers data, based on the evolution of Wanguo cemetery management main body as the clue, evolution and development of business in detail on the basis of Wanguo cemetery, cemetery, from the shape, funeral idea, ceremony, customs and other aspects of modern Shanghai funeral culture change characteristics of.1914, the as the first modern Chinese cemetery cemetery in Shanghai, the real estate business runshan private establishment and operation of the.20 century after 30s, the municipal government closed tube nations cemetery, the cemetery by the private office to conversion. In the decades of development, from the example of Shanghai Wanguo cemetery cemetery gradually turned into an ordinary member of the municipal in the cemetery, witnessed the vicissitudes of modern Shanghai. All nations cemetery, and plays an important role in modern Chinese acceptance form as the cemetery. All nations cemetery from the establishment to the development. In fact, is also a modern cemetery construction process from formation to continuous improvement; it consists of personal business to the city's history is reverted, the state will process the cemetery management institutionalized and standardized. For the burial of Wanguo cemetery funeral, funeral reform reflects the characteristics of modern field in a certain extent. Including people on the new burial, funeral, funeral customs gradually understanding and acceptance, cross and symbiosis of traditional customs and Western Chinese funeral form, and funeral industry commercialization and specialization process in China. Wanguo cemetery in Shanghai the vicissitudes of change, showing the details and the characteristics of modern funeral culture evolution from China the different side.

【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：K878.8

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