嘉庆巴蜀寨堡研究

发布时间：2018-02-11 15:12

本文关键词： 寨堡白莲教寨勇坚壁清野　出处：《西华师范大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在巴蜀大地至今存留着数以千计的山城寨堡,这些历史遗存是宋元以来抵抗蒙古入川、躲避战乱和匪患而修筑起来的,其中清朝嘉庆年间白莲教在川东暴动是嘉陵江以东区域大量寨堡修建的直接推动力。白莲教起事之初,这一区域乡绅百姓吸取“建寨避乱”的历史经验修筑寨堡、开凿岩穴以自保,兴建了一些寨子。后来,清政府下令各地广修城寨,即所谓“坚壁清野,筑寨团练”,于是原来自发的建寨行为变成了国家普修寨堡、大办练团的统一行动。这些寨堡以宗族修建为最多,有一个家庭修筑的,有一大姓氏修筑的,还有几大姓氏同建的;以农村基层修建为次,有村社修筑的,有乡里修筑的,还有州县修筑的。同时,白莲教军亦占据不少寨堡,有从乡绅百姓手中抢夺过来的,也有是教军自己修建的基地性城寨。这些城寨往往成为清教两军争夺的重要目标。白莲教暴动以后,这一区域的寨堡仍然没有彻底荒废。每遇战乱,如太平天国运动、李蓝暴动、军阀混战以及小范围内的匪患,这些寨堡再次成当地避护之所。到和平年代,大部分寨堡被废弃了,仅有少部分寨堡仍然在被利用,或改造成家族祠堂,或整修成宗教场所,或改建成学堂校舍,或留作居民房屋。在今天,这些寨堡则是这一区域内重要的文化旅游资源。
[Abstract]:Thousands of mountain fortresses remain in the land of Bashu. These historical relics have been built since the Song and Yuan dynasties against Mongolians entering Sichuan, avoiding war and banditry. During the Qing Dynasty and Jiaqing period, the uprising of Bai Lianism in eastern Sichuan was the direct driving force for the construction of a large number of walled castles in the area east of the Jialing River. At the beginning of the Bailian religion, the gentry of this region learned from the historical experience of "building villages and avoiding chaos" to build forts. Digging up rock caverns for self-preservation, some stockades were built. Later, the Qing government ordered various localities to extensively build cities and villages, that is, the so-called "strong walls, clearing the wild, building villages," so that the original spontaneous act of building villages became the state's common fortress. The majority of these walled castles were built by the clans, with one family building, one family name built, and several surnames built together; the rural grassroots units were the second, the village co-operatives and the townships built. There are also prefectures and counties to be built. At the same time, the White Lotus religious Army also occupies many walled castles, some of which have been snatched from the hands of the gentry and the common people. Some of them are the base towns built by the Uefa Army itself. These villages have often become an important target for the Puritans and the Puritans. After the Baelian uprising, the fortresses in this area were still not completely abandoned. Whenever there was war, such as the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom movement, Li Lan rioting, warlords fighting and petty banditry, these fortresses once again became local fortresses. In peacetime, most of them were abandoned, and only a few were still being used or converted into family ancestral halls. They have been renovated into religious sites, converted into school buildings, or kept as residential houses. Today, these walled castles are an important cultural tourist resource in the region.
【学位授予单位】：西华师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：K878

【参考文献】