汉墓的神药与尸解成仙信仰

发布时间：2018-03-11 21:11

本文选题：汉墓　切入点：尸解信仰　出处：《四川大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2015年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：基于汉墓出土资料和道教文献的交叉考证,可以揭示被遗忘千年的尸解信仰的具体内容。汉人以死为尸解成仙的必由之路,死是"暂过太阴"、"太阴炼形"的过程。死者将在冥界得不死药,身生羽翼、飞升成仙。其中,用神使、丹鼎、神鸟"生物行精"、宴饮歌戏之吉庆等多种象征形式,反复强调墓主之得药成仙。以济南无影山汉墓出土的系列大型彩绘陶塑为基础,结合马王堆、金雀山及陕西郝滩等汉墓出土资料,可还原出一套比较完整的汉代墓葬仪式话语。其结构大体包括三个主要环节,即"三官"守护墓主人"太阴炼形"、获神界致送之神仙饮食——壶和鼎所象征的"神药"、"太一帝君"车马相迎。藉由这套仪式话语系统,汉人达成了由死而仙、"先死后蜕"的尸解成仙承诺,此乃汉墓的生命转换功能之所在。
[Abstract]:Based on the cross-textual research on the unearthed materials of Han tombs and Taoist documents, it can reveal the concrete contents of the forgotten thousand years' autopsy beliefs. The only way for Han people to become immortal remains is to die. Death is a process of "temporarily passing through Taiyin" and "Taiyin chain-shaped". The dead will have immortal medicine in the underworld, and their wings will rise to immortals. Among them, many symbolic forms, such as the use of gods, the danding, the divine birds "biological essence," and the auspicious celebration of banquets and plays, etc. Based on a series of large-scale painted pottery sculptures unearthed from the Han Tombs in Wuying Mountain, Jinan, and combined with the unearthed materials from the tombs of Mawangdui, Jinqishan and Hao Tan in Shaanxi, Can restore a relatively complete Han Dynasty tombs ceremony discourse. Its structure consists of three main links, That is, "Taiyin chain-shaped", the owner of the "three official" guardian tombs, received the Diet of the Immortals, the pot and the medicine symbolized by the tripod, and the horse and chariot of the "Taiyi Emperor," by means of this ritual discourse system. The Han people reached the immortal promise of death and then slough, which is the function of life transformation of Han tombs.
【作者单位】：四川大学文化科技协同创新研发中心;
【分类号】：K878.8

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