新疆伊犁吉林台库区墓葬人骨研究

发布时间：2018-03-16 17:35

本文选题：吉林台墓葬　切入点：人群迁徙　出处：《吉林大学》2010年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 新疆作为中西方文化交流的前沿地带,长久以来一直受到中外学者的关注。伊犁河流域作为新疆史前考古时空框架中的一个独立的地理单元和文化区域,其古代文明的发展历程,为揭示和解释新疆史前时期的人群交往及文化交流提供了重要的模式框架和科学依据。吉林台遗存位于新疆伊犁哈萨克自治州尼勒克县东喀什河两岸台地之上,是目前伊犁河流域发掘面积最大、最重要的考古发现之一。本文选取吉林台库区内穷科克一号墓地、托海墓地、加勒格斯哈音特墓地、别特巴斯陶墓地、阿克布早沟墓地、铁木里克墓地、彩桥门墓地等七处墓地人骨材料,以骨骼测量学、牙齿人类学、统计学为主要手段研究该组居民的体质特征及人群构成情况,探讨吉林台组人群与周邻人群的互动关系和人群流向。研究结果表明,吉林台库区墓葬所代表的古代居民体质形态特征介于欧罗巴人种和蒙古人种之间的地位,并与欧罗巴人种的中亚两河类型居民表现出更多的相似性。按照颅面形态特征的异同将吉林台全组居民分为一组和二组,两组居民的主体成分均为中亚两河类型,但在不同人群的构成比例上存在差异;蒙古人种北亚类型因素在吉林台二组居民中所占比例高于一组居民,表现为更大的面宽绝对值和颅面比值。综合人种学、考古学、历史学的研究表明,吉林台库区墓葬古代居民,尤其是那些具有吉林台二组体质特征的古代人群应该就是介于欧罗巴、蒙古两大人种之间过渡类型地位的南西伯利亚人种历史形成过程中的早期先驱之一。本文还利用人口学、古病理学等方法深入研究吉林台组人群的人口构成、疾病状况、营养状况,为深入了解其人群迁徙、饮食结构、经济模式、自然环境等方面信息提供必要的参考数据。这些研究为揭示伊犁河流域史前文化演变趋势、传播方式,探讨北疆人群地理分布状态提供了可靠的人类学观察视角。
[Abstract]:Xinjiang, as the frontier of cultural exchanges between China and the West, has long been the focus of Chinese and foreign scholars. The Yili River Basin is an independent geographical unit and cultural region in the space-time framework of Xinjiang's prehistoric archaeology. The course of its ancient civilization, It provides an important model framework and scientific basis for revealing and explaining the human and cultural exchanges during the prehistoric period in Xinjiang. The remains of Jilin and Taiwan are located on the two sides of the East Kashi River in Nilek County, Yili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang. It is one of the largest and most important archaeological discoveries in the Yili River basin. In this paper, seven graveyard bone materials are selected, such as Qiongke No.1 Cemetery, Tuohai Cemetery, Galegeshayint Cemetery, Bute Bathao Cemetery, Akbuzaogou Cemetery, Tomrick Cemetery, Caiqiao Gate Cemetery, etc. The physique characteristics and population composition of this group were studied by means of skeletal measurement, dental anthropology and statistics, and the interaction and direction of the population between Jilin Tai group and neighboring population were discussed. The physique characteristics of ancient residents represented by tombs in Jilin and Taiwan reservoir areas are in the position of Europa and Mongolians. According to the similarities and differences of craniofacial features, the whole population of Jilin and Taiwan were divided into one group and two groups, and the main components of the two groups were the two river types in Central Asia. However, there are differences in the proportion of the composition of different population groups. The proportion of Mongolian North Asian type factors in the two groups of Jilin and Taiwan is higher than that in one group, showing greater absolute value of face width and craniofacial ratio, comprehensive ethnography, archeology, comprehensive ethnography, archeology, comprehensive ethnography, archaeology, comprehensive ethnography and archaeology. Historical studies have shown that ancient residents of the Jilin and Taiwan reservoir areas, especially those with the physical characteristics of the Jilin and Taiwan two groups of physique, should be somewhere between Europa. One of the early pioneers of the historical formation of the southern Siberian race of transitional type status between two Mongolian adult species. The population composition, disease status, nutritional status of Jilin Tai group were also studied by means of demography and paleopathology, in order to understand their migration, diet structure, economic model, etc. These studies provide a reliable anthropological perspective for revealing the evolution trend of prehistoric culture in the Yili River Basin, spreading mode and exploring the geographical distribution of people in northern Xinjiang.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K871

【引证文献】