应县古戏台调查研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 17:17

本文选题：戏曲　切入点：古戏台　出处：《山西师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：山西是闻名全国的戏曲之乡，戏曲文化兴盛，拥有丰富的戏曲文物遗产，种类繁多的地方戏种以及名噪古今的曲作家。神庙剧场数量可观，至今仍然遗存了大量古戏台，分布在山西的角角落落。戏台不只是一件单纯的建筑物,是我国传统戏曲表演的场所，承载着传播发扬山西戏曲的使命，蕴含着深刻的历史文化内涵，，见证了山西戏曲文化几百年的兴衰过程，是民众娱乐休闲不可或缺的一部分。应县坐落在山西北部的雁北地区，当地现存古戏台数量可观，历史文化底蕴深厚，拥有明代戏台两座，清代戏台四十二座，共四十四座。这些戏台分布在金城镇、下社镇、南河种镇、镇子梁镇、藏寨乡、杏寨乡、义井乡、南泉乡、大临河乡、白马石乡、下马峪乡以及大黄巍乡等十二个乡镇。这些现存的古戏台对于我们了解部分雁北地区明清时期剧场以及演剧状况有不容忽视的意义，补充了现存戏曲文献资料的不足，从戏台形制的演变以及碑刻记载中挖掘应县当时的民间戏剧娱乐活动以及政治、经济、文化等情况，是宝贵的实物资料。然而随着戏曲文化的衰落，古戏台日渐被遗弃以及由于各种自然灾害和人为原因，这些珍贵的文化遗产破坏严重，损毁盗取现象愈来愈严重，其保护工作迫在眉睫，这就对应县古戏台建筑的研究工作显得格外重要。本文将以应县古戏台作为研究对象，以行政区域划分为线索，通过查阅文献资料和民俗资料、田野考察和测量以及采访咨询当地人等方式，对当地现存的四十四座古戏台逐一描述并对其建筑技术、装饰艺术、舞台题记、演出情况以及碑刻等方面进行分析论述，附以实物图片。文章分为三大部分，第一部分为引言，简单梳理了前人对古戏台的研究成果和应县古戏台研究现状并点出本文创新之处，同时对应县县城历史沿革和其戏曲文化背景进行论述，最后阐述了选择应县古戏台为调查对象的原因。第二部分是正文，以应县行政区域划分为十一个章节，是对各乡镇现存古戏台依次进行描述和其戏剧演出情况的描述，最后一部分是结语，分析了应县现存古戏台的整体建筑结构特征、地域分布特征及其分布特征的原因，同时也概括了其历史地位和文化价值，使人们对应县古戏台有更多的认识和了解，从而增强对这些宝贵文化的保护和传扬，它们留给人类很多宝贵的资料，是见证人类文明的载体，是文化历史的功臣。
[Abstract]:Shanxi is a famous hometown of traditional opera, with a prosperous opera culture, rich heritage of opera relics, a wide variety of local opera types and ancient and modern qu writers. The number of temple theatres is considerable, and a large number of ancient operas remain. The stage is not only a simple building, but also a place for traditional opera performance in China. It carries the mission of spreading and carrying forward Shanxi opera, and contains profound historical and cultural connotations. It has witnessed the rise and fall of Shanxi opera culture for several hundred years and is an indispensable part of popular entertainment and leisure. Yingxian County is located in the northern part of Shanxi Province in the Yanbei area. The number of ancient theatrical platforms in the area is considerable, and the historical and cultural heritage is profound. It has two theatrical platforms in the Ming Dynasty and 44 in the Qing Dynasty. These theatrical platforms are distributed in Jincheng and Xiashe Town. Nanhe Town, Zhenzi Liang Town, Zangzhai Township, Xingzhai Township, Yijing Township, Nanquan Township, Daling River Township, Baimashixiang, Xia Ma Yu Xiang and Da Huang Wei Township and other 12 townships. These existing ancient operas are of great significance for us to understand the theatres and performances of some Yanbei areas during the Ming and Qing dynasties, and supplement the deficiency of the existing opera literature. Excavating the entertainment activities of folk drama and the political, economic and cultural situations in Yingxian at that time from the evolution of the stage form and the inscription of the inscriptions are valuable material materials. However, with the decline of the opera culture, The ancient stage is increasingly abandoned and these precious cultural heritage have been seriously damaged and stolen due to various natural disasters and man-made reasons. Its protection is imminent. This is especially important to the research work of ancient stage architecture in Yingxian County. This article will take the Yingxian ancient stage as the research object, take the administrative area division as the clue, through consulting the literature and the folk custom material, the field inspection and the survey and the interview consultation local people and so on way, This paper describes the existing 44 local ancient operas one by one and analyzes their architectural techniques, decorative arts, stage inscriptions, performances and inscriptions, with a physical picture attached. The article is divided into three parts, the first part is an introduction. This paper briefly combs the research achievements of the predecessors on the ancient stage and the present situation of the research on the ancient stage in Yingxian and points out the innovation of this paper. At the same time, it discusses the historical evolution and the cultural background of the opera in Yingxian county. The second part is the text, divided into eleven chapters by the administrative region of Yingxian, which describes the existing ancient stage of each township and its theatrical performance in turn. The last part is the conclusion, which analyzes the overall architectural structure characteristics, regional distribution characteristics and the reasons of the distribution characteristics of the existing ancient stage in Yingxian County. At the same time, it also generalizes its historical status and cultural value. So that people have more knowledge and understanding of Yingxian ancient stage, thus enhancing the protection and spread of these precious cultures, they leave a lot of valuable information to mankind, is the carrier of witnessing human civilization, is the meritorious service of cultural history.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：K879.1

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