中国与埃及墓室壁画的比较及汉画的特殊意义

发布时间：2018-05-03 10:37

本文选题：中国墓室壁画 + 埃及墓室壁画　；参考：《民族艺术》2017年03期

【摘要】：中国和埃及墓室壁画的系统比较应当得到特别关注。艺术发展层面上,中国墓室壁画多彩绘壁画而追求叙事性,埃及墓室壁画多浮雕壁画而追求仪式性。宗教信仰层面上,中国墓室壁画中因为墓主人需要神灵帮助而存在人神并列的两个图像体系,埃及墓室壁画中因为法老可以代表神灵而存在人神合一的一个图像体系。同时,中国的葬玉要求墓主人尸体完整保存,埃及的木乃伊要求墓主人尸体部分破坏后获得新的完整保存,所以中国墓室壁画是连续性结构,造成此岸与彼岸模糊,而埃及墓室壁画是非连续性结构,此岸与彼岸清晰。此外,铭文图像表明中国和埃及的墓主人可能存在着进入与走出墓室的两个不同重生方向。汉画繁荣层面上,汉代跨阶层结构和叙事结构的基本定型促进了墓室壁画的迅速繁荣,同时汉代墓室壁画的儒教属性对中国宗教发展有着明确贡献。
[Abstract]:The systematic comparison of murals in tombs between China and Egypt deserves special attention. On the level of art development, Chinese tomb murals are more colorful and pursue narrative, Egyptian tomb murals are more embossed and ritual. In terms of religious belief, there are two image systems in Chinese tomb frescoes because the tomb owners need the help of gods, while in Egyptian tombs murals there exists an image system of the unity of man and god because the pharaoh can represent the gods. At the same time, the burial jade in China requires the complete preservation of the body of the owner of the tomb, while the mummy in Egypt demands that the body of the owner of the tomb be preserved after partial destruction. Therefore, the murals of the Chinese tomb room are a continuous structure, resulting in a blur between this bank and the other shore. Egyptian tomb murals are discontinuous structures, and clear across the bank. In addition, the glyph images show that Chinese and Egyptian tomb owners may have two different directions of rebirth into and out of the tomb. On the aspect of the prosperity of Han painting, the basic stereotypes of cross-class structure and narrative structure of Han Dynasty promoted the rapid prosperity of tomb murals, and at the same time, the Confucian character of tomb murals in Han Dynasty made a clear contribution to the development of Chinese religion.
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“中国墓室壁画的图像体系研究”(13BZJ034)阶段性成果
【分类号】：K86

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