西汉星云镜铸造工艺模拟实验

发布时间：2018-05-12 13:26

本文选题：铸造 + 西汉　；参考：《中国科学技术大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 青铜器的范铸技术是在青铜生产的发展与变化中逐渐进步的,铜镜作为青铜器中重要的一个分支,其范铸工艺技术不仅贯穿于整个青铜时代,更是在铁器时代变得尤为繁荣。学者们对于青铜礼器、实用器等器物的范铸工艺的研究做了大量的工作,但是对于铜镜范铸工艺的研究却较少,更少有通过模拟实验的方法研究铜镜的范铸工艺。论文是依据出土器物,结合当时西汉社会的科技水平,利用圆规制作纹饰技术,从零开始实验,通过制模、翻范、浇铸、打磨抛光等,逐步模拟范铸西汉星云镜。铜镜制作技术中圆规的使用,反映出其与当时铸钱等相关技术的同步发展,体现了铜镜的发展与其时代的密不可分。通过此模拟实验,以期为铜镜范铸工艺的研究提供一些有益的启示。另外,在铜镜后期表面打磨中,对于是否使用锡汞齐这种工艺,目前也存在着很大的分歧。有人通过对比鎏金工艺,提出铜镜或青铜器表层中有无Hg可以作为判断其是否采用过“锡汞齐”工艺的依据。作者模拟古代锡汞齐工艺,运用X射线衍射及X射线荧光,检测了Hg在铜镜中的残留情况,证实镀过“锡汞齐”的高锡铜镜表层会有Cu20Sn6、Cu5.6Sn、Cu7Hg6、CuHg等金属化合物存在,但Cu7Hg6、CuHg相不稳定,加热到高于Hg的沸点时会逐渐消失,说明含不含汞不能作为古代铜镜或其它青铜器是否经过“锡汞齐”表面处理工艺的判别依据。通过对模拟铸造出的星云镜打磨抛光后的效果说明,唐之前的高锡青铜镜本身就呈现银白色。镜面机械加工抛光后,其映照效果可与现代玻璃镜相媲美,从使用角度来看,似乎没必要再在表面施以“锡汞齐”。
[Abstract]:The casting technology of bronze ware is progressing gradually in the development and change of bronze production. As an important branch of bronze ware, its casting technology not only runs through the whole bronze age, but also becomes particularly prosperous in the iron age. Scholars have done a great deal of research on the casting technology of bronze ritual ware and utility ware, but there are few researches on the casting technology of bronze mirror, much less on the casting process of copper mirror by the method of simulation experiment. According to the unearthed objects and the level of science and technology of the Western Han Dynasty at that time, this paper makes use of the compasses to make ornaments and experiments from scratch. By means of mould making, turning over, casting, polishing and so on, the nebula mirror of the Western Han Dynasty is simulated step by step. The use of compasses in the manufacture of copper mirrors reflects the synchronous development of them and other related technologies such as casting money at that time, and reflects that the development of copper mirrors is closely related to their times. Through this simulation experiment, we hope to provide some useful inspiration for the study of copper mirror casting technology. In addition, in the later stage of surface grinding of copper mirror, there is a great difference on whether to use tin amalgam technology. By comparing the gilding process, it is suggested that the presence of Hg in the surface layer of copper mirror or bronze ware can be used as the basis for judging whether or not the process has been used in the process of tin amalgam. The authors simulated the ancient tin amalgam process and detected the residue of Hg in copper mirror by X ray diffraction and X ray fluorescence. It was proved that Cu 20Sn6 + Cu 5.6SnO Cu7Hg6CuHg existed on the surface of high tin copper mirror, but the phase of Cu7Hg6CuHg was unstable, and the metal compounds such as Cu20Sn6SnCu5.6SnCu7Hg6CuHg were found in the surface layer of the high tin mirror, but the phase of Cu7Hg6CuHg was unstable. When heated to a boiling point above Hg, it will gradually disappear, indicating that mercury content cannot be used as a basis for judging whether or not ancient copper mirrors or other bronzes were treated by "tin amalgam" surface treatment. By polishing and polishing the simulated cast nebula mirror, it is shown that the high tin bronze mirror before Tang Dynasty is silvery white. The effect of mirror machined polishing is comparable to that of modern glass mirror. From the point of view of application, it seems unnecessary to apply "tin amalgam" to the surface.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K875

【引证文献】