山东济南华阳宫古建筑壁画病害及其治理对策研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 21:38

本文选题：华阳宫 + 寺观壁画　；参考：《西北大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：华阳宫古建筑群位于山东济南市东北,华不注山南麓,是目前济南地区最古老的宗教建筑群之一,也是济南现存最大的古建筑群体,保存有三百多平方米的古代壁画。华阳宫古建筑壁画内容涵盖了儒道佛三教诸神文化,作为当地民间宗教起兴和发展的重要体现,区域历史文化和传统艺术的典型代表,其重要的价值是不言而喻的。由于自然环境和人为损毁等原因,华阳宫壁画正面遭受着严重的破坏,而对其著录记载资料甚少,系统全面的调查研究工作更处于空白阶段。因此,以保护修复为最终目的,对华阳宫壁画进行前期调查研究,分析壁画病害形成机理,探索华阳宫古建筑壁画保护,既有现实意义也有科研价值。本次对华阳宫古建筑群前期调查和治理研究,严格遵守文物保护基本原则和行业准则。通过壁画现状调查、制作材料及工艺的分析、环境监测研究、病害机理的分析等阶段,总结华阳宫壁画特点,参阅大量资料和实验,拟定了后期保护修复实施的总体思路和对策,为华阳宫古建筑壁画的有效保护提供了科学的理论基础。通过现状调查发现,空鼓是华阳宫壁画现存最严重的病害,其次是壁画表面大面积覆盖物,同时壁画的脱落和酥碱也相当严重。通过对壁画制作材料、工艺及病害特点的分析,表面华阳宫壁画具有寺观壁画的典型特征,也存在着寺观壁画最普遍的问题。华阳宫壁画的保护主要是对壁画空鼓脱落和表面覆盖的治理。分析环境监测数据可知,济南地区气候环境对殿堂环境有着直接的影响。水环境的影响是壁画目前面临的最严重问题,而对微环境的综合分析结果显示殿堂内的温湿度、光照等环境对华阳宫壁画的保存影响也很大的。根据病害机理研究显示,空鼓病害的产生主要与水盐运移、壁画制作工艺及建筑地质环境有关：大面积壁画覆盖病害的产生主要与近代文化变革和人为破坏有关；酥碱粉化等病害的形成则主要是环境温湿度等变化和壁画自身材质工艺多方面因素作用的结果。论文结合其它地区寺观壁画的研究成果,参考建筑工程施工和石窟、墓葬壁画保护领域具有的成熟工艺和技术,针对华阳宫壁画制作材料、工艺及病害的特殊性,拟定了从防潮阻水到稳定性加固,再到时表面污染及覆盖层清理实施的总体治理思路,为后期的保护修复和壁画长期维护奠定了科学的理论基础。
[Abstract]:Huayanggong Ancient Architecture Group is located in the northeast of Jinan City, Shandong Province. It is one of the oldest religious buildings in Jinan, and the largest existing ancient architectural group in Jinan, preserving more than 300 square meters of ancient murals. The contents of the murals of ancient architecture of Huayang Palace cover the culture of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism. As an important embodiment of the rise and development of local folk religion, the important value of the frescoes of the regional historical culture and traditional art is self-evident. Due to the natural environment and man-made damage, the front of the frescoes of Huayanggong have suffered serious damage, but the recorded data are very few, and the systematic and comprehensive investigation and research work is still in the blank stage. Therefore, with the ultimate goal of conservation and restoration, the preliminary investigation and research on Huayang Palace murals are carried out, the formation mechanism of mural diseases is analyzed, and the protection of ancient architectural murals of Huayang Palace is explored, which has both practical significance and scientific research value. This investigation and management of Huayang Palace complex, strictly abide by the basic principles of cultural relics protection and industry guidelines. Through the investigation of the current situation of the fresco, the analysis of manufacturing materials and techniques, the study of environmental monitoring, and the analysis of the mechanism of the disease, the characteristics of the frescoes of Huayanggong are summarized, and a great deal of data and experiments are consulted. The general ideas and countermeasures for the implementation of protection and restoration in the later period are worked out, which provides a scientific theoretical basis for the effective protection of the ancient architectural murals of Huayang Palace. Through the investigation, it is found that empty drum is the most serious disease existing in the fresco of Huayanggong, followed by a large area of covering on the surface of the mural, at the same time, the shedding of the murals and the alkalinity are quite serious. Through the analysis of the materials, techniques and disease characteristics of the murals, it is found that the surface frescoes of the Huayang Palace have the typical characteristics of the temple murals, and there are also the most common problems in the temple murals. Huayanggong mural protection is mainly to the mural empty drum falling off and surface covering treatment. Analysis of environmental monitoring data shows that the climate environment in Jinan has a direct impact on the temple environment. The influence of water environment is the most serious problem that the fresco faces at present. The comprehensive analysis of the microenvironment shows that the temperature, humidity and illumination in the hall have great influence on the preservation of the frescoes of Huayanggong. According to the study of disease mechanism, the occurrence of empty drum disease is mainly related to the movement of water and salt, the mural making technology and the building geological environment. The formation of diseases such as caustic soda powder is mainly the result of the changes of environment temperature and humidity and the effect of many factors on the materials of murals themselves. Based on the research results of temple murals in other regions, and referring to the mature techniques and techniques in the field of building construction and grottoes, the paper aims at the particularity of the materials, techniques and diseases of the frescoes in Huayanggong. The overall control ideas from moisture-proof and water-proof to stability reinforcement and then surface pollution and overlay cleaning were worked out, which laid a scientific theoretical foundation for the later period of protection and restoration and long-term maintenance of murals.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K879.41

【参考文献】