敦煌具注历日中的漏刻标注探研

发布时间：2018-05-28 02:41

  本文选题：具注历日 + 漏刻标注　； 参考：《敦煌学辑刊》2017年03期

【摘要】：敦煌具注历日中,漏刻标注呈现的是昼夜百刻制。其中有关"二分二至"的漏刻标注,始终没有出现在相应的节气(春分、秋分、冬至、夏至)日期上,这主要表现在具注历日对昼漏50刻的标注往往要比春分、秋分节气晚1—3日,而夏至昼漏60刻和冬至昼漏40刻的标注又提前了3—4日。另一方面,具注历日所见一年的昼夜长短变化中,多数情况是每8日昼夜时长增减1刻。较为特殊的是,春分、秋分前后,昼夜长短变化中每增减1刻通常需要的时间是7日。相比之下,冬至、夏至前后漏刻增减的时间要稍长一些。具体来说,"二至"前昼夜时长增减1刻需要的时间是12日,"二至"后昼夜长短增减1刻需要的时间是18—19日。若与春分、秋分"加减速,用日少"的特点相比,大体比较符合《唐六典》"二至前后加减迟,用日多"的描述。
[Abstract]:Dunhuang notes throughout the calendar, the missing mark is presented day and night 100-scale system. The missing mark of "dichotomy" has never appeared on the corresponding date of the Spring Equinox, the Autumn Equinox, the Winter Solstice, the Summer Solstice. The Autumn Equinox solar terms are 1-3 days late, while the 60 day leaks in the Summer Solstice and 40 days in the Winter Solstice days are marked 3-4 days earlier. On the other hand, in the variation of the length of day and night of the year observed on the calendar day, most of the cases are increased or decreased by one quarter every 8 days and nights. More specifically, it usually takes 7 days for each diurnal change before and after the Spring Equinox and the Autumn Equinox. By contrast, the Winter Solstice, the Summer Solstice before and after the leakage increase or subtract a little longer. Specifically, it takes 12 days to increase or decrease one hour before "two to", and 18-19 days to increase or decrease the length of day and night after "two to two". If compared with the characteristics of the Spring Equinox, the Autumn Equinox, "increasing and decelerating, using less days", it is generally in line with the description of "add or decrease late before and after", "more days" in "Tang Liu Dian".
【作者单位】： 北京师范大学历史学院;
【基金】：全国高校古籍整理委员会直接资助项目“敦煌七曜历术文献的整理与研究”(编号1507) 国家社科基金一般项目“纪日序事:中古历日社会文化意义探研”(16BZS058)
【分类号】：K870.6
，

本文编号：1944931