甲骨文字形简化问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-08 03:34

本文选题：甲骨文 + 字形　；参考：《河北大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 简化是汉字发展史上一种重要的现象,它伴随着汉字的产生而产生,就连今天我们能够见到的最早的汉字材料甲骨文中,简化现象也很普遍。甲骨文的简化对于之后的古文字以及今文字的简化,都有重要的意义。因此,甲骨文的简化现象是很值得研究的问题。本论文以《新甲骨文编》为材料来源,依据晚期字形相对于早期字形发生简化的原则,找到157个典型的具有简化特征的甲骨文字,并对这些甲骨文的简化方法进行归类,主要有象形性图形演变为线条性文字、省略、简单部件代替、笔画合一和合文简化五种类型。在逐类分析之后,总结出甲骨文简化的一些规律。简化现象在甲骨文时期就已经产生,有其必然原因。第一,简化是由文字应用的本质需求所决定。汉字的社会性和工具性等特性,决定了汉字书写要做到方便与快捷;第二,甲骨文自身具备的条件为简化提供了可能;第三,特殊的书写工具与载体给甲骨文的刻写工作带来了很大的不便,具有浓厚“随体诘曲”特色的甲骨文字形迫切需要简化。以上三种原因的共同作用推动了甲骨文简化现象的产生。通过对甲骨文简化类型和规律的研究,我们了解到简化现象在甲骨文时期就已经很普遍,其简化方法对古文字乃至现行汉字规范有一定的借鉴意义。事实证明,现行汉字的简化方法与甲骨文的简化有相通之处;由甲骨文的简化现象可以看到,绝大多数汉字的简化并没有破坏汉字的理据性,而所谓的“繁化”实际上更多的是文字职能的一种“分化”现象。
[Abstract]:Simplification is an important phenomenon in the history of the development of Chinese characters, which comes into being with the generation of Chinese characters. Even in the earliest Chinese character materials we can see today, the phenomenon of simplification is very common. The simplification of oracle bone inscriptions is of great significance to the simplification of ancient characters and modern characters. Therefore, the simplification of oracle bone inscriptions is a problem worth studying. In this paper, according to the principle of simplification of late glyph relative to early glyph, 157 typical oracle bone characters with simplified characters are found, and the simplified methods of these oracle inscriptions are classified. There are five types of pictographic evolution, such as line characters, ellipsis, simple parts substitution, harmony of stroke and text simplification. This paper summarizes some rules of oracle bone inscription simplification, which has already appeared in oracle bone inscription period, and has its inexorable reasons. First, simplification is determined by the essential requirements of text applications. The sociality and instrumentality of Chinese characters determine that the writing of Chinese characters should be convenient and fast; second, the conditions of oracle bone inscriptions provide the possibility for simplification; third, The special writing tools and carriers bring great inconvenience to the writing of oracle bone inscriptions. The combination of the above three causes has promoted the formation of the simplified oracle bone inscriptions. Through the study of the types and rules of the simplification of the oracle bone inscriptions, we know that the simplification phenomenon has been very common in the oracle bone inscription period. The simplified method can be used for reference to the ancient characters and even the current Chinese characters. Facts have proved that the current simplification method of Chinese characters has something in common with the simplification of oracle bone inscriptions. From the simplification of oracle bone inscriptions, we can see that the simplification of most Chinese characters does not undermine the motivation of Chinese characters. In fact, the so-called "multiplicity" is more of a phenomenon of "differentiation" of the function of writing.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K877.1;H121

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