鲁中南地区汉代石椁墓初步研究

发布时间：2018-06-10 03:48

本文选题：鲁中南地区 + 汉代　；参考：《山东大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：石椁墓是一种较为独特的墓葬形制。汉代的鲁中南地区经济、文化发达,人口稠密,是石椁墓的重要分布区。本文在尽可能全面收集相关田野发掘资料的基础上,用五个章节对鲁中南地区汉代石椁墓进行了以下方面的研究：第一章,绪论部分。明确了研究对象及相关概念,回顾了鲁中南地区汉代石椁墓的发现和研究历史,对选题的目的和意义进行了陈述。第二章,首先,对考古发掘资料进行了墓葬形制及随葬品的类型学分析,明确了主要几种石椁墓具体形制以及主要随葬陶器的演变规律。其次,选取一定规模的墓地材料进行统计和比较,得出结论：石椁墓是西汉时期至东汉早期鲁中南地区主要的墓葬形式,土坑木椁墓居于次要地位,外来的砖椁墓传统影响极小。由于时代差异,双椁墓即夫妻同穴合葬墓在各主要墓地中的分布是不均衡的。西汉中晚期是同穴合葬石椁墓主要的流行阶段。第三章,对鲁中南地区汉代石椁墓画像材料进行了试验性的分期研究。将石椁墓画像分为西汉早期、西汉中期、西汉晚期及王莽时期至东汉早期共四期,结合随葬品情况对每期做了年代界定,提出以具体题材要素以及画面构图为主要依据,并区分静态“人物形象”与动态“人物活动”为特点的分期方法。此外对石椁墓画像反映出的社会阶层及精神文化层面的背景也作了分析。第四章,首先,以墓葬类型及随葬品分析为基础将鲁中南石椁墓分为西汉早期、西汉中期、西汉晚期及王莽时期至东汉早期四期；其次,结合对于墓葬形制的观察和主要随葬品的分析,将鲁中南汉代石椁墓分布范围分为南、东北、西北三个小区,列举了三区各自的特点,并结合相关材料分析差异产生的原因。第五章,与周边地区汉代石椁墓进行了简要比较,其中通过与鲁北、胶东等地的比较,提出这些地区的石椁墓应是从鲁中南地区传来。通过与苏北、皖北、豫东地区的比较,提出徐州地区与鲁中南石椁墓共性更多而随葬品更体现出楚地与都城长安的影响；豫东、皖北则受到来自各自邻近地区的影响较多。第六章,通过考察本区石椁墓演变趋势以及部分特定石室墓的特征,提出后者承袭本地石椁墓的基本结构,并根据新的需要不断由简到繁逐步演化的观点。并且提出此类石室墓在走向定型的过程中其规模和复杂程度与墓主身份有一定关系,呈现非线性发展的特点。结语部分,对本文研究进行总结,对相关问题进行补充,并指出文章的不足之处。
[Abstract]:The tomb of stone outer coffin is a kind of unique tombs. The central and southern region of Shandong Province in the Han Dynasty is an important distribution area of stone coffin tombs because of its developed economy, culture and dense population. On the basis of collecting the relevant field excavations as comprehensively as possible, this paper uses five chapters to study the Han Dynasty tomb of the Han Dynasty in the central and southern part of Shandong Province in the following aspects: the first chapter, the introduction part. This paper clarifies the research object and related concepts, reviews the discovery and research history of the Han Dynasty stone coffin tomb in the central and southern part of Shandong Province, and makes a statement of the purpose and significance of the selected topic. Based on the analysis of the graveyard form and the type of the burial objects, the specific forms of several kinds of stone outer coffin tombs and the evolution law of the main burial pottery were clarified. Secondly, the graveyard materials of a certain scale are selected for statistics and comparison, and the conclusion is drawn: the tomb of stone outer coffin is the main form of burial in the central and southern part of Shandong from the Western Han Dynasty to the early stage of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the tomb of the earth-pit wooden outer coffin occupies a secondary position. The traditional influence of the outside brick outer coffin tomb is minimal. Due to the difference of times, the distribution of double outer coffin tombs in the main graveyards is uneven. The middle and late Western Han Dynasty is the main popular stage of the stone outer coffin tomb buried together in the same cave. Chapter III, the Han Dynasty Han Dynasty Han Dynasty tomb portraits in the central and southern part of Shandong Province were studied by stages. The portraits of the tomb of an outer coffin are divided into four periods: the early Western Han Dynasty, the middle Western Han Dynasty, the late Western Han Dynasty and the late Wang Mang period and the early Eastern Han Dynasty. Combined with the situation of the burial objects, the author defines each period, and puts forward that the main basis is the specific subject elements and the picture composition. And distinguishes the static "character image" from the dynamic "character activity" as the stage method. In addition, the background of social stratum and spiritual and cultural level reflected by the portrait of stone outer coffin tomb is also analyzed. Chapter four, first of all, based on the analysis of the types of tombs and burial articles, the stone outer coffin tombs in the central and southern part of Shandong Province are divided into the early Western Han Dynasty and the middle part of the Western Han Dynasty. The late Western Han Dynasty and the four periods from Wang Mang period to the early Eastern Han Dynasty. Secondly, combined with the observation of the tombs and the analysis of the main burial objects, the distribution range of the stone outer coffin tombs in the Han Dynasty in the central and southern part of Shandong Province was divided into the south, the northeast, and the northwest. This paper enumerates the characteristics of each of the three regions, and analyzes the causes of the differences by combining the relevant materials. Chapter five makes a brief comparison with the Han Dynasty Tombs of the Han Dynasty in the surrounding areas, among which a comparison is made with the north of Shandong, Jiaodong and other places. It was suggested that the tombs of the outer coffins in these areas should come from the central and southern part of Shandong Province. By comparing with north Jiangsu, north Anhui and eastern Henan, the author points out that Xuzhou area has more common character with the stone coffin tomb of central and southern Shandong, while the burial objects reflect the influence of Chu area and capital city Chang'an. In the sixth chapter, by investigating the evolution trend of outer coffin tombs and the characteristics of some specific tombs in this area, the author puts forward that the latter inherits the basic structure of the local stone outer coffin tombs. And according to the new needs from simplicity to the point of gradual evolution. The paper also points out that the size and complexity of this kind of tomb is related to the identity of the tomb owner and presents the characteristics of nonlinear development. The conclusion part summarizes the research of this paper and complements the relevant problems. And points out the deficiency of the article.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K878.8

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