晚清英国驻华外交代表机关印信、公文的“中国化”

发布时间：2018-07-15 13:17

【摘要】：文书往来是外交交往的重要形式之一,为了维护国体,外交文书必须遵循一定的体例,中外皆然。晚清中英双方针对文书往来的体例、制度,进行了长时间的探索与交涉,从1834年"律劳卑事件"的爆发直至1880年《中外往来仪式节略》的出台才基本告一段落。英国驻华外交代表机关印信、公文的"中国化",指的是英方在与清政府的文书往来中,印信的使用、文书体例的选择等,从外在的文书格式到内在的文书话语体系遵循中国习惯、体制的现象。从本质上来讲,这种"中国化"现象的存在,并不是清政府羁縻政策的胜利,而是英国驻华外交官在挑战"天朝体制"的实践中,做出的实用主义的策略性选择。外交斗争的需要,迫使他们尽快适应中国的文化和体制,并在掌握乃至破解中国文书话语体系的基础上,建立其自身的话语和权威。
[Abstract]:The exchange of documents is one of the important forms of diplomatic exchanges. In order to maintain the state, diplomatic documents must follow certain ways, both at home and abroad. In the late Qing Dynasty, both China and the United Kingdom made a long exploration and negotiation on the ways and systems of the exchange of documents. From the outbreak of the "RuoLao Pei incident" in 1834 to the publication of the "Chinese and Foreign Exchange ritual Abstract" in 1880, it basically came to an end. The "Sinicization" of the printing of letters and official documents by British diplomatic representatives in China refers to the use of printed letters, the choice of style of documents, and so on, in correspondence between the British side and the Qing government. From the external form of the instrument to the internal system of the discourse of the instrument follow the Chinese custom, the phenomenon of the system. In essence, the existence of this phenomenon is not the victory of Jimi policy of Qing government, but the strategic choice of pragmatism made by British diplomats in China in challenging the "Chinese system". The need of diplomatic struggle forces them to adapt to Chinese culture and system as soon as possible and to establish their own discourse and authority on the basis of mastering and even cracking the discourse system of Chinese documents.
【作者单位】：首都师范大学历史学院;
【分类号】：K877.6

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