史前时期社会性质初探——以北刘遗址先民食物结构稳定同位素分析为例

发布时间：2018-08-22 10:29

【摘要】：对新石器时代北刘遗址早晚两期出土的人骨进行C、N稳定同位素分析以揭示先民的食谱特征,尝试探讨不同性别之间食谱的差异,为进一步讨论关中地区史前社会性质及其演变提供新的证据。分析结果表明,北刘遗址先民的食物结构以C4类食物为主,反映了当时先民以粟、黍种植业为主的原始农业经济模式。北刘遗址早期(老官台文化)先民在食物结构上男女并没有表现出明显差异,但在同属关中地区仰韶文化时期的姜寨遗址,男女食物结构已发生明显分化,而包含仰韶文化与龙山文化两个阶段的清凉寺遗址先民的食谱差异表现较姜寨更加明显。这种男女食物结构差异的历时性变化可能是由当时食物分配方式的改变导致,暗示了关中及临近地区从前仰韶至仰韶、龙山文化期社会制度从母系氏族社会向父系氏族社会转变的演进过程。
[Abstract]:The human bones unearthed in the two phases of the North Liu site of the Neolithic Age were analyzed with Con stable isotopes in order to reveal the dietary characteristics of the ancestors and try to explore the differences of recipes between sexes. It provides new evidence for further discussing the prehistoric nature and evolution of Guanzhong area. The results showed that the food structure of the ancestors of Beiliu site was mainly C4 food, which reflected the primitive agricultural economic pattern of the ancestors at that time. In the early days of the Northern Liu site (Lao Guantai Culture), there was no obvious difference between men and women in the food structure, but in the Jiangzhai site of Yangshao Culture period in the same area of Guanzhong, the food structure of men and women had been clearly differentiated. The difference of recipes of Qingliangsi site, which includes Yangshao culture and Longshan culture, is more obvious than that of Jiangzhai. This diachronic change in the food structure between men and women may have been the result of a change in the pattern of food distribution at that time, implying that the former Yangshao to Yangshao was located in Guanzhong and its adjacent areas. The evolution of social system from matrilineal clan society to patrilineal clan society in Longshan cultural period.
【作者单位】：浙江大学人文学院文物与博物馆学系;跨湖桥遗址博物馆;西安半坡博物馆;Department

【共引文献】