汉唐时期盗墓现象研究
发布时间：2018-08-27 18:01
【摘要】：墓葬是寄托人类身体与精神的最终归宿,其中包含有丰富的社会、历史、信仰等多方面的文化信息,而某些墓葬建筑材料如画像石、画像砖,随葬品如镇墓俑、刀剑、镜等则是这些文化信息的物化形式。盗墓行为除直接与这些物质性内容相联系而外,与精神信仰层面亦颇有联系。 汉唐时期的盗墓史实,以盗墓主体的身份为基准,可将其归为三类：以官方政府为首进行的政治发墓；以军队为主体参与者的军团掘冢；个人或团伙进行的民间盗发。对盗墓史实进行以主体为依据的分类有助于我们进一步探讨产生这种现象的动机以及应对这种现象的措施。 对汉唐时期盗墓现象动机的蠡测,基于各盗墓事件发生时的历史背景,从盗墓活动现实的驱动力、盗墓活动的心理动机以及神仙信仰因素三个层面进行分析。现实驱动力主要表现为对经济利益的追求,而心理动机则表现为盗墓者的变态心理因素,神仙信仰因素主要表现为道教鬼神信仰对盗墓者进行施盗行为的影响。三种动机之间并非毫无联系,而是在共同的大背景之下相互影响、互有促动。 与盗墓现象并存的是相应的反盗墓措施。主要包括墓地本身的防盗措施如守陵制度的创善以及墓葬形制上的一些改变等；从先秦时代便已经出现,汉代成文,且在唐代趋于成熟的政府法令；以道教教理教义为主的宗教劝善等。
[Abstract]:Tombs are the ultimate destination of human body and spirit, which contain rich social, historical, religious and other cultural information, and some grave building materials such as stone, brick, burial objects such as town tomb figurines, sword, etc. Mirror is the materialized form of these cultural information. Grave theft is not only directly related to these material contents, but also to spiritual belief. The historical facts of tomb theft in Han and Tang dynasties can be classified into three categories based on the identity of the subject of tomb theft: the political tomb making led by the official government, the army as the main participants in the army digging for graves, and the folk theft by individuals or groups. Classifying the historical facts of tomb theft on the basis of subject is helpful for us to further explore the motive of this phenomenon and the measures to deal with it. Based on the historical background of the grave-robbing events in the Han and Tang dynasties, this paper analyzes the actual driving force of the grave-robbing activities, the psychological motives of the grave-robbing activities and the belief factors of the gods. The realistic driving force is mainly the pursuit of economic interests, while the psychological motivation is the abnormal psychological factor of the grave robbers, and the immortals' belief factors are mainly the influence of Taoist ghosts and gods belief on the behavior of grave robbers. The three motivations are not unrelated, but interact and motivate each other in a common context. And the phenomenon of tomb theft coexist with the corresponding anti-grave theft measures. It mainly includes the anti-theft measures of the graveyard itself, such as the creation of the mausoleum system and some changes in the graveyard system, and so on; it has appeared since the pre-Qin period, written in the Han Dynasty, and has tended to mature in the Tang Dynasty. Religious persuasion based on the doctrine of Taoism.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K878.8
[Abstract]:Tombs are the ultimate destination of human body and spirit, which contain rich social, historical, religious and other cultural information, and some grave building materials such as stone, brick, burial objects such as town tomb figurines, sword, etc. Mirror is the materialized form of these cultural information. Grave theft is not only directly related to these material contents, but also to spiritual belief. The historical facts of tomb theft in Han and Tang dynasties can be classified into three categories based on the identity of the subject of tomb theft: the political tomb making led by the official government, the army as the main participants in the army digging for graves, and the folk theft by individuals or groups. Classifying the historical facts of tomb theft on the basis of subject is helpful for us to further explore the motive of this phenomenon and the measures to deal with it. Based on the historical background of the grave-robbing events in the Han and Tang dynasties, this paper analyzes the actual driving force of the grave-robbing activities, the psychological motives of the grave-robbing activities and the belief factors of the gods. The realistic driving force is mainly the pursuit of economic interests, while the psychological motivation is the abnormal psychological factor of the grave robbers, and the immortals' belief factors are mainly the influence of Taoist ghosts and gods belief on the behavior of grave robbers. The three motivations are not unrelated, but interact and motivate each other in a common context. And the phenomenon of tomb theft coexist with the corresponding anti-grave theft measures. It mainly includes the anti-theft measures of the graveyard itself, such as the creation of the mausoleum system and some changes in the graveyard system, and so on; it has appeared since the pre-Qin period, written in the Han Dynasty, and has tended to mature in the Tang Dynasty. Religious persuasion based on the doctrine of Taoism.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K878.8
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