在华中西合璧风格天主教堂的考古学研究
发布时间：2018-08-30 15:59
【摘要】：本文通过对部分天主教堂的实地调查和相关文献的阅读,研究在华中西合璧风格的天主教堂的分型、分期和分区。 天主教堂的中西合璧风格是融合了西方原有风格和中国古典建筑特征后而形成的新的风格。不过,并不是一座西式教堂有一些中式装饰、楹联字匾等元素或一座中式教堂有十字架、龛台的安置就是中西合璧风格的天主教堂。笔者认为中西合璧风格的天主教堂应具有以下特点：中西合璧风格的建筑要拥有双方各自的建筑风格特点,且以平面、立面、屋顶等为主要评判标准。 国内现存典型的中西合璧风格的天主教堂主要有苏州杨家桥天主堂、安庆天主堂、大同县许堡天主堂、朔州上坡天主堂、贵阳北天主堂、磨西天主堂、石阡天主堂、昆明北京路天主堂、茨中天主教堂、大理天主堂、白汉洛天主教堂和崇州天主教堂。 笔者将以上十二座中西合璧风格天主教堂分为六型。 Aa型：牌坊式主立面、西式平面、中式屋顶 Ab型：牌坊式主立面、西式平面、西式屋顶 Ba型：淡化主立面、西式平面、中式屋顶 Bb型：淡化主立面、西式平面、西式屋顶 C型：哥特式主立面、西式平面、中式屋顶 D型：中西融合式主立面、西式平面、西式屋顶 从选取的十二座中西合璧风格的天主教堂的始建年代来看,横跨两个时期。第一个时期为1871年—1924年,从建筑风格的角度可称为融合期。第二个时期为创新期,从1924年—1939年。 上述十二座中西合璧风格的天主教堂,笔者根据考古区系类型理论将之划分为三大区域：华北、江南和西南地区。
[Abstract]:Based on the field investigation of some Catholic churches and the reading of relevant documents, this paper studies the classification, division and division of the Catholic churches in China with the combination of Chinese and western styles. The Chinese and western style of the Catholic Church is a new style formed by the combination of the original western style and the Chinese classical architectural features. However, it is not a western-style church with some Chinese decoration, couplets and other elements, or a Chinese church has a cross, the niche platform is the Chinese and Western style of the Catholic Church. The author thinks that the Catholic Church with Chinese and Western style should have the following characteristics: the architecture of Chinese and Western style should have their own architectural style characteristics, and the main criteria are plane, facade, roof and so on. Typical existing Chinese and Western Catholic churches are mainly the Yangjiaqiao Catholic Church in Suzhou, the Anqing Catholic Church, the Xubao Catholic Church in Datong County, the Shangpo Catholic Church in Shuozhou, the North Catholic Church in Guiyang, the Moxi Catholic Church and the Shipathian Catholic Church. Kunming Beijing Road Catholic Church, Zizhong Catholic Church, Dali Catholic Church, Baihanluo Catholic Church and Chongzhou Catholic Church. The author divides the twelve Chinese and western Catholic churches into six types. Aa type: archway main facade, western style plane, Chinese roof Ab type: archway main facade, western style plane, Western-style roof Ba type: desalinate main facade, western-style plane, Chinese roof Bb type: desalinate main facade, western-style plane, Western-style roof C type: Gothic main facade, Western-style plane, Chinese roof D: the main facade of Chinese and Western fusion, western plane, western roof from the selection of twelve Chinese and western style of the Catholic Church, across two periods. The first period was 1871-1924, from the architectural point of view can be called fusion period. The second period was innovation, from 1924 to 1939. According to the theory of archaeological floristic types, the above 12 Catholic churches are divided into three regions: North China, South Yangtze River and Southwest China.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K878.6
本文编号：2213566
[Abstract]:Based on the field investigation of some Catholic churches and the reading of relevant documents, this paper studies the classification, division and division of the Catholic churches in China with the combination of Chinese and western styles. The Chinese and western style of the Catholic Church is a new style formed by the combination of the original western style and the Chinese classical architectural features. However, it is not a western-style church with some Chinese decoration, couplets and other elements, or a Chinese church has a cross, the niche platform is the Chinese and Western style of the Catholic Church. The author thinks that the Catholic Church with Chinese and Western style should have the following characteristics: the architecture of Chinese and Western style should have their own architectural style characteristics, and the main criteria are plane, facade, roof and so on. Typical existing Chinese and Western Catholic churches are mainly the Yangjiaqiao Catholic Church in Suzhou, the Anqing Catholic Church, the Xubao Catholic Church in Datong County, the Shangpo Catholic Church in Shuozhou, the North Catholic Church in Guiyang, the Moxi Catholic Church and the Shipathian Catholic Church. Kunming Beijing Road Catholic Church, Zizhong Catholic Church, Dali Catholic Church, Baihanluo Catholic Church and Chongzhou Catholic Church. The author divides the twelve Chinese and western Catholic churches into six types. Aa type: archway main facade, western style plane, Chinese roof Ab type: archway main facade, western style plane, Western-style roof Ba type: desalinate main facade, western-style plane, Chinese roof Bb type: desalinate main facade, western-style plane, Western-style roof C type: Gothic main facade, Western-style plane, Chinese roof D: the main facade of Chinese and Western fusion, western plane, western roof from the selection of twelve Chinese and western style of the Catholic Church, across two periods. The first period was 1871-1924, from the architectural point of view can be called fusion period. The second period was innovation, from 1924 to 1939. According to the theory of archaeological floristic types, the above 12 Catholic churches are divided into three regions: North China, South Yangtze River and Southwest China.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K878.6
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