早商文化南渐的考古学观察
发布时间：2018-09-18 19:02
【摘要】：本文以中原早商文化为标尺,对包括湖北大部、江西北部、湖南北部,以及安徽的部分地区在内的广大南方地区发现的早商时期遗存进行考古学分析,来考察早商文化向南方地区传播的阶段性、地域性特征,并进一步探讨了南渐地域对中原地区先进文化的接受和认同情况。 全文共分五章： 第一章本章首先系统介绍了商文化的定义、早商文化的阶段划分以及南渐及南渐地域等相关概念,指出早商文化南渐是指早商文化在向南传播过程中在保证其自身文化主体地位的前提下,充分吸收南渐地区的土著文化因素,实现其自身文化的多样性和进步性。其次通过回顾南渐地域商时期遗存的发现和研究情况,指出本文写作的缘起。 第二章本章运用地层学、类型学以及文化因素分析法等考古学研究的基本方法,对南渐地域内的典型早商时期遗存进行分期研究与文化因素组成分析,发现这些遗存都是在早商文化南渐的背景下出现的,而且随着商势力的不断深入而取得长足的发展,一定程度上改变和丰富了南渐地域的文化面貌。 第三章本章在上一章的分期基础上,指出早商文化南渐大体上经历了初始期、繁荣期和衰退期三个发展阶段：初始期,时间为早商一期,该期是早商文化开始向南方和东南方向挺进和渗透的起步阶段；繁荣期,时间为早商二期,该期早商文化在南方的分布范围广,遗址数量多,控制范围大,而且还出现了高等级的墓葬和城址；衰退期,时间为早商三期,此阶段,中原商王朝面对着内忧外患的正是环境,南渐势力的发展受到了强烈的抑制,早商文化的势力向北大规模退缩,地方土著文化势力开始强大。同时文章还深入分析了每个阶段出现的背后复杂的社会背景。从空间分布上对南渐地域内的早商时期文化遗存进行考察,发现还呈现出以“点”带“面”和有“轻”有“重”的地域性特征。在对长江中游地区的控制经营中,采用建立据点的形式,来带动对其周围地区的有效控制,早商政权比较重视对长江中游地区的渗透和控制。 第四章本章通过对南渐地域内商文化遗存中的典型陶器进行分析,并结合南渐地域内的商代青铜器的发现情况,指出随着早商文化南渐的不断深入,南方地区不但接受中原地区日常生活中的陶器传统、生活习惯等,还接受和认同了中原地区属于礼制层面的精神文化,并吸收和学习了商王朝先进的青铜铸造技术。但是这两个层面却有着截然不同的结果,随着早商文化势力的北退,中原商文化对南渐地域物质层面的影响来的迅速且消失的也快,而在礼制精神层面和青铜铸造技术的影响却一直延续下去,对繁荣南方地区古代文化起着重要作用。 第五章本章为结语部分,是对前述各章所述内容进行的总结。
[Abstract]:Based on the early Shang culture of the Central Plains, this paper makes an archaeological analysis of the remains of the early Shang period found in the vast southern regions, including most of Hubei, northern Jiangxi, northern Hunan and some parts of Anhui. This paper examines the stage and regional characteristics of the spread of early Shang culture to the south, and further discusses the acceptance and recognition of the advanced culture in the Central Plains in the southward region. The thesis is divided into five chapters: the first chapter systematically introduces the definition of Shang culture, the stage division of early Shang culture, and the related concepts of southward region, etc. It is pointed out that the southward development of early Shang culture means that in the process of spreading to the south, the early Shang culture, on the premise of ensuring its own cultural subject status, fully absorbs the indigenous cultural factors in the southward growing area and realizes its own cultural diversity and progress. Secondly, the author points out the origin of this article by reviewing the discovery and research of the Shang period. The second chapter uses the basic methods of stratigraphy, typology and cultural factor analysis to study the typical early Shang period relics in the southward region by stages and cultural factors. It is found that these remains all appeared under the background of the southward development of the early Shang culture, and along with the continuous deepening of the commercial forces, they made great progress, to a certain extent, changed and enriched the cultural outlook of the southward growing region. The third chapter, on the basis of the stages of the previous chapter, points out that the southward development of the early Shang culture has generally experienced three stages of development: the initial period, the prosperity period and the recession period: the initial period, the time is the early Shang period. This period was the initial stage when the early Shang culture began to advance and infiltrate to the south and southeast, and the prosperous period was the second stage of the early Shang Dynasty, in which the early Shang culture was widely distributed in the south, with a large number of sites and a wide range of control. Moreover, there were also high-level tombs and city sites; in the recession period, the time was early Shang three. At this stage, the Central Plains and Shang dynasties faced precisely the environment at home and abroad, and the development of the southward growing forces was strongly suppressed. The influence of early Shang culture retreated to the north, and the local aboriginal culture began to be strong. At the same time, the article also analyzes the complex social background behind each stage. From the spatial distribution of the cultural relics of the early Shang period in the southward growing region, it is found that there are regional characteristics of "dot" belt "face" and "light" and "heavy" region. In the control and management of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, the form of establishing a stronghold was adopted to drive the effective control of the surrounding areas, and the early commercial regime paid more attention to the infiltration and control of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. In the fourth chapter, through the analysis of the typical pottery in the relics of Shang culture in the southward region and the discovery of bronze ware in the southward region, it is pointed out that with the gradual development of the early Shang culture, The southern region not only accepted the pottery tradition and living habits in the daily life of the Central Plains, but also accepted and recognized the spiritual culture of the Central Plains, and absorbed and learned the advanced bronze casting technology of the Shang Dynasty. However, these two levels have very different results. With the northward retreat of the early Shang culture forces, the influence of the Central Plains Shang culture on the material aspects of the southward growing regions has rapidly and rapidly disappeared. However, the influence of ritual spirit and bronze casting technology has been continued, which plays an important role in the prosperity of ancient culture in southern China. The fifth chapter is the conclusion, which is a summary of the contents of the preceding chapters.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K872
本文编号：2248808
[Abstract]:Based on the early Shang culture of the Central Plains, this paper makes an archaeological analysis of the remains of the early Shang period found in the vast southern regions, including most of Hubei, northern Jiangxi, northern Hunan and some parts of Anhui. This paper examines the stage and regional characteristics of the spread of early Shang culture to the south, and further discusses the acceptance and recognition of the advanced culture in the Central Plains in the southward region. The thesis is divided into five chapters: the first chapter systematically introduces the definition of Shang culture, the stage division of early Shang culture, and the related concepts of southward region, etc. It is pointed out that the southward development of early Shang culture means that in the process of spreading to the south, the early Shang culture, on the premise of ensuring its own cultural subject status, fully absorbs the indigenous cultural factors in the southward growing area and realizes its own cultural diversity and progress. Secondly, the author points out the origin of this article by reviewing the discovery and research of the Shang period. The second chapter uses the basic methods of stratigraphy, typology and cultural factor analysis to study the typical early Shang period relics in the southward region by stages and cultural factors. It is found that these remains all appeared under the background of the southward development of the early Shang culture, and along with the continuous deepening of the commercial forces, they made great progress, to a certain extent, changed and enriched the cultural outlook of the southward growing region. The third chapter, on the basis of the stages of the previous chapter, points out that the southward development of the early Shang culture has generally experienced three stages of development: the initial period, the prosperity period and the recession period: the initial period, the time is the early Shang period. This period was the initial stage when the early Shang culture began to advance and infiltrate to the south and southeast, and the prosperous period was the second stage of the early Shang Dynasty, in which the early Shang culture was widely distributed in the south, with a large number of sites and a wide range of control. Moreover, there were also high-level tombs and city sites; in the recession period, the time was early Shang three. At this stage, the Central Plains and Shang dynasties faced precisely the environment at home and abroad, and the development of the southward growing forces was strongly suppressed. The influence of early Shang culture retreated to the north, and the local aboriginal culture began to be strong. At the same time, the article also analyzes the complex social background behind each stage. From the spatial distribution of the cultural relics of the early Shang period in the southward growing region, it is found that there are regional characteristics of "dot" belt "face" and "light" and "heavy" region. In the control and management of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, the form of establishing a stronghold was adopted to drive the effective control of the surrounding areas, and the early commercial regime paid more attention to the infiltration and control of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. In the fourth chapter, through the analysis of the typical pottery in the relics of Shang culture in the southward region and the discovery of bronze ware in the southward region, it is pointed out that with the gradual development of the early Shang culture, The southern region not only accepted the pottery tradition and living habits in the daily life of the Central Plains, but also accepted and recognized the spiritual culture of the Central Plains, and absorbed and learned the advanced bronze casting technology of the Shang Dynasty. However, these two levels have very different results. With the northward retreat of the early Shang culture forces, the influence of the Central Plains Shang culture on the material aspects of the southward growing regions has rapidly and rapidly disappeared. However, the influence of ritual spirit and bronze casting technology has been continued, which plays an important role in the prosperity of ancient culture in southern China. The fifth chapter is the conclusion, which is a summary of the contents of the preceding chapters.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K872
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