考古遗址展示的初步研究

发布时间：2018-09-19 09:40

【摘要】：考古遗址是古代人类生活过的环境遗存或遗留下来的村落、住宅、作坊、城堡和寺庙等经过考古发掘的遗址。它具有丰富的历史文化内涵和科学艺术价值,对其进行展示就是延续考古遗址的生命力,为公众提供一个缅怀先人、体验历史氛围的机会。考古遗址展示已有两百多年的发展历史,它最早起源于16世纪欧洲的文化遗产保护理念。从19世纪中后期开始,国际古迹遗址理事会陆续通过的《雅典宪章》、《关于适用于考古发掘的国际原则的建议》、《巴拉宪章》等国际文件,标志着古遗址展示理论的成熟。尤其是2008年《文化遗产地阐释与展示宪章》的出现,说明遗址展示已形成独立的理论体系。我国考古遗址展示遵循可持续发展原则、真实性和完整性原则,利用考古遗址博物馆和遗址公园等方式,进行了大量保护和展示实践。本文以北京辽金城垣博物馆和西安曲江遗址公园为例,探讨考古遗址展示中普遍存在展示信息缺失、展示技术达不到遗址保护要求,以及遗址本体展示受环境干扰等问题。这主要是由于遗址保护技术不成熟、遗址展示方法不当和遗址展示与商业利益的矛盾造成。所以,本文提出的初步策略是深入研究遗址内涵,引进专业人才和技术,运用科学地展示方法对遗址及周边环境进行整体展示,加深对考古遗址阐释和展示理念的认识等解决途径。由此引发对考古遗址整体展示与个体展示的关系研究、遗址本体展示与环境展示的研究、展示技术与保护的关系,以及展示过程中信息选取与传递的探讨。
[Abstract]:Archaeological sites are archaeological excavated sites such as villages, houses, workshops, castles, temples, etc. It has rich historical and cultural connotation and scientific and artistic value. To display it is to continue the vitality of archaeological sites and provide an opportunity for the public to remember their ancestors and experience the historical atmosphere. Archaeological site display has a history of more than 200 years. It originated from the idea of cultural heritage protection in Europe in the 16th century. Since the middle and late 19th century, the International Council of Antiquities and sites has adopted the Athens Charter, the recommendations on International principles applicable to Archaeological excavations, and the Barra Charter, etc., which marks the maturity of the theory of the display of ancient sites. In particular, the emergence of the Charter of interpretation and display of Cultural Heritage in 2008 shows that the site display has formed an independent theoretical system. The display of archaeological sites in China follows the principles of sustainable development, authenticity and integrity, and a large number of protection and demonstration practices have been carried out by means of archaeological sites museums and ruins parks. Taking the Liaojin City Museum in Beijing and the Qujiang ruins Park in Xi'an as examples, this paper discusses the problems of the lack of display information in the display of archaeological sites, the failure of the display technology to meet the requirements of site protection, and the interference of the environment on the display of the site body. This is mainly due to the immature technology of site protection, improper methods of site display and contradictions between site display and commercial interests. Therefore, the preliminary strategy proposed in this paper is to deeply study the connotation of the site, introduce professionals and technology, and use scientific display methods to display the site and its surrounding environment as a whole. To deepen the understanding of archaeological sites interpretation and display ideas and other solutions. Therefore, the research on the relationship between the whole display and the individual display of archaeological sites, the research on the relationship between the site ontology display and the environmental display, the relationship between the display technology and the protection, and the discussion on the selection and transmission of information in the course of the display are initiated.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K878

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